Iodate (IO3
–) can be abiotically
reduced
by Fe(II) or biotically reduced by the dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing
bacterium Shewanella oneidensis (MR-1) via its DmsEFAB
and MtrCAB. However, the intermediates and stoichiometry between the
Fe(II) and IO3
– reaction and the relative
contribution of abiotic and biotic IO3
– reduction by biogenic Fe(II) and MR-1 in the presence of Fe(III)
remain unclear. In this study, we found that abiotic reduction of
IO3
– by Fe(II) produced intermediates
HIO and I– at a ratio of 1:2, followed by HIO disproportionation
to I– and IO3
–. Comparative
analyses of IO3
– reduction by MR-1 wild
type (WT), MR-1 mutants deficient in DmsEFAB or MtrCAB, and Shewanella sp. ANA-3 in the presence of Fe(III)-citrate,
Fe(III) oxides, or clay minerals showed that abiotic IO3
– reduction by biogenic Fe(II) predominated under
iron-rich conditions, while biotic IO3
– reduction by DmsEFAB played a more dominant role under iron-poor
conditions. Compared to that in the presence of Fe(III)-citrate, MR-1
WT reduced more IO3
– in the presence
of Fe(III) oxides and clay minerals. The observed abiotic and biotic
IO3
– reduction by MR-1 under Fe-rich
and Fe-limited conditions suggests that Fe(III)-reducing bacteria
could contribute to the transformation of iodine species and I– enrichment in natural iodine-rich environments.