Multi-method Approach to Team Situation Awareness

Abstract

In this paper, we present our definition and multi-method approach to assess team SA, followed by an application of the measurement approach in a simulated air combat environment. In the simulation, team SA is measured using Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) on the elements related to own and teammate's responsibilities, confidence level on the accuracy of SAGAT responses, and awareness of teammate's workload and SA levels. The interrelationships between various measures of team SA, and between each measure of team SA and teamwork behavior and performance outcome are analyzed. The result suggests that team SA is a multi-dimensional construct, and that each aspect can be developed from different information sources. The correlation analyses with teamwork behavior measures reveal the strong associations between team SA and information sharing and backup behavior. Finally, SAGAT scores, confidence bias, and backup behavior are found to have strong associations with team performance outcome.

Situation awareness, communication, and teamwork : re-examining the role of a team display in wildland firefighting command and control

“…Nevertheless, studies from both laboratory and field have shown that SA is closely related to performance (Sulistyawati, Chui, &Wickens, 2008;Durso, 1998;Farley, Hansman, Amonlirdviman, &Endsley, 2000). It is generally accepted that good SA can be viewed as a factor that will increase the probability of good performance but cannot necessarily guarantee it (Endsley, 1995b shown to be essentially independent constructs (Endsley, 1993;Durso, 1998;Wickens, 2008).…”

“…Currently most researchers still choose measurements that were initially developed for measuring individual SA and adapt them to team settings. For example, in a simulated air combat environment, SAGAT was employed to probe aspects in the responsibilities of oneself and other team members (Sulistyawati et al, 2008). Similarly, in evaluating TSA, a SAGAT-like questionnaire was presented every 2 minutes during the 10-minute trial and the subjects answered questions regarding their own cognitive states and beliefs on the other team members' SA, beliefs in the other team members' belief on their own SA (Nonose, 2010).…”