Multi-objective optimization of underground car park design for tenability under fire-induced smoke

Tharima, Ahmad Faiz; Rahman, Md. Mujibur; Yusoff, Mohd Zamri; Kueh, Ahmad Beng Hong

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2018.12.011

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Kmecova [7] used Polyurethane foam GM27 fire source to represent a car fire with a soot and CO yields of 0.1 and 0.042 receptively. Tharimaa [23] used the combustion model with methane fire source yielding Soot and CO of 0.07 and 0.2 respectively. Deckers [1] used the combustion model with soot yield of 0.22.…”

Section: Fire Smoke Source For Car Park Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground Car Park Smoke Management System Design Validation Using CFD Simulation: Car Fire Products Yields Rates system

Nakamura¹,

Hajjawi²

2022

Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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Smoke management systems design is very important as it affect saving human lives in case of fire. The majority of firerelated deaths are caused by smoke inhalation of toxic gases, only 30% of deaths are due to fire burns. Recently, a great attention has been given to smoke management systems design validation using CFD simulations to ensure its effectiveness and compliance with fire codes regulations. CFD smoke simulation usually conducted using the inert fire species transport model, in which the fire source values specified at the fire inlet are assumed to be equivalent to an actual car fire products generation rates. Nonetheless, with the lack of a comprehensive conclusion on actual car fire products generation rates in literature, fire codes usually specify a certain fuel to represent a car fire, such as polyurethane as per UAE fire code. Considering the aforementioned, this work reviews literature on both polyurethane and actual car fires products generation rates, in an effort to conclude a proper fire products generation rates for CFD smoke simulations. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the use of the concluded fire source values to validate an underground car park smoke management systems design of a residential tower in UAE. The design is validated in compliance with the UAE fire code regulations considering both fire products concentrations and visibility analysis. The simulation results shows considerable difference in smoke generation between actual car fire and polyurethane fire. Mainly due to polyurethane higher fire growth rate and soot generation rates. On the other hand, the results illustrate that the smoke management system design satisfies the fire code CO and CO2 concentrations limits, yet it failed to comply with the fire code visibility requirements when polyurethane was used as fire source.

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Section: Fire Smoke Source For Car Park Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground Car Park Smoke Management System Design Validation Using CFD Simulation: Car Fire Products Yields Rates system

Nakamura¹,

Hajjawi²

2022

Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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“…At present, UPS renewal is mainly achieved through the adjustment of equipment and spatial configuration to improve the physical performance of the environment, such as improving thermal comfort [25], light environment [26], ventilation [27], fire protection [28], and energy consumption [29]. These cases were not concerned with the change in function as parking.…”

Section: The Possibilities and Benefits Of Underground Space Renewalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Renewal of Underground Parking Space in the Scenario of Shared Autonomous Vehicles

et al. 2021

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Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) are a major development direction in international scientific and technological innovation. One of the most popular features of SAVs in the urban space is that they can significantly reduce the need for parking. The urban underground parking space (UPS) is currently the largest static traffic space, especially in high-density urban centers. Under the SAV scenario, the need for the renewal of UPS will increase in the near future. However, renewal of the UPS is difficult due to its special form features, which are greatly restricted by the external environment, thus necessitating targeted methods and strategies. This research first conducted field investigations and data collection on the spatial morphology and service conditions of typical UPSs in different areas of Hangzhou city. Based on the driver status response and the multi-objective attribute models, the time-series evaluation method and function replacement decision model for the sustainable renewal of underground parking were established. The research also discusses appropriate design strategies for the combination of spatial characteristics and functional replacement goals of typical samples. The conclusions will provide scientific guidance for the future design practice of architects and urban designers in SAV.

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“…From the representative comparison of modes 0 with 8, the distributions of the temperature, CO, and visibility in the platform differ according to the location of the fire and clarify that the application of the smoke exhaust system is effective in suppressing the propagation of the fire effluents. This computer-based simulation analysis is very effective in determining whether the egress limit criteria of space temperature, CO, and visible distance are exceeded in real time [67][68][69][70][71][72]. Thus, this assessment can use the distribution map of fire effluents to compare spatial information in hazardous areas unsuitable for evacuation.…”

Section: Platform Fire Characteristics By Fire Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Urban Planning Technique of Fire Disaster Prevention for Subway

Rie

Ryu

2020

Sustainability

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Subway infrastructure is a representative urban infrastructure for sustainable urban development as part of its policy to harmonize with economic growth. As the transportation infrastructure of large cities develops with high speed and intelligence, more attention will be paid to its safety. The main cause of death in subway fires is asphyxiation, due to the closed specificity of the underground space. Therefore, smoke exhaust facilities should be capable of minimizing the effects of smoke to ensure the safe evacuation of passengers in the event of fire. In this study, three kinds of fire locations are adopted to analyze the distribution of platform temperature, CO, and visibility in connection with the smoke exhaust system operation method. We evaluate the performance of the applicable smoke exhaust system from ASET-based untenable area analysis. Fatality evaluation by escape analysis according to the smoke exhaust system estimates the fatality based on the tenability performance evaluation. Moreover, the FED method was used to evaluate tenability performance. Therefore, the result of this study suggests a solution for sustainable subway Disaster response from the performance evaluation of the subway platform smoke exhaust system for safe evacuation of passengers, which is essential for subway construction or remodeling.

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Multi-objective optimization of underground car park design for tenability under fire-induced smoke

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Underground Car Park Smoke Management System Design Validation Using CFD Simulation: Car Fire Products Yields Rates system

Underground Car Park Smoke Management System Design Validation Using CFD Simulation: Car Fire Products Yields Rates system

Sustainable Renewal of Underground Parking Space in the Scenario of Shared Autonomous Vehicles

Sustainable Urban Planning Technique of Fire Disaster Prevention for Subway

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