Multi-parametric functional imaging of cell cultures and tissues with a CMOS microelectrode array

Abstract

A CMOS-MEA device combined with new impedance and electrochemical techniques measures cell attachment, growth/wound healing, cell–cell adhesion, metabolic state, and redox properties with single-cell spatial resolution for cell-biology applications.

Single‐Response Duplexing of Electrochemical Label‐Free Biosensor from the Same Tag

“…Because of their ability to pattern micro-scale electrodes, the standard microfabrication processes can deliver the production of high-density arrays, with thousands of electrodes, even from planar, 2D architectures. [72][73][74][75][76][77] Hence, as a manner to critically investigate the integration capacity of sensor designs, the reduction in the number of conductive lines that the device provides over typical 2D devices (one line for each electrode) is proposed here as an assessment yardstick. This parameter boosts the integration density by increasing the wafer active area, as aforesaid.…”

Advances in Microfluidics: Technical Innovations and Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

“…Although single cells can be distinguished from a cluster of cells or sample debris, the products present in the extracellular medium cannot be differentiated with the platform. Abbott et al used a microelectrode array to perform a field-based impedance and electrochemical mapping for live cell phenotyping . The metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit measures cell–substrate impedance, transepithelial impedance, and extracellular redox potential to detect cell adhesion, growth, metabolic state, and redox properties at a single-cell resolution.…”

“…Abbott et al used a microelectrode array to perform a field-based impedance and electrochemical mapping for live cell phenotyping. 76 The metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit measures cell−substrate impedance, transepithelial impedance, and extracellular redox potential to detect cell adhesion, growth, metabolic state, and redox properties at a single-cell resolution. Compared to measuring a change in electrode impedance, the field-based approach provided improved sensitivity for cell-attachment assays.…”

The next generation of hybrid microfluidic/integrated circuit chips: recent and upcoming advances in high-speed, high-throughput, and multifunctional lab-on-IC systems

“…5B) in which a DC voltage is pulsed between adjacent electrodes to induce a hydrolysis reaction in the intervening space. 112 The reaction generates small gas bubbles that locally disrupt cell adhesion to the chip surface. This functionality is used to implement an on-chip wound healing assay where MDCK cells are lifted off from the MEA surface in electronically defined shapes and the subsequent proliferation of cells into the unoccupied space is observed using per-electrode impedance measurements.…”

“…The wound-healing assay in (i) uses on-chip impedance measurement to map cell growth after patterning with and without cytochalasin B, a motility inhibitor drug. 112 thermally or electrically responsive nanoparticles. 116,117 Drug release could be triggered by voltage-induced electroporation or by local heating (either using resistive heating to increase surface temperature, or applying AC magnetic fields to induce relaxation in MNPs conjugated to the drug carrier).…”