Multi-resistance state tuned by interfacial active Pt layer in a perpendicular Hall balance

Self-Modulated Magnetism in Two-Dimensional Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 Induced by Ambient Effects

“…In Figure a,b, it is worth noting that the amplitudes of the first and second decrease for R xy are almost identical. In traditional magnetic metal multilayers, magnetic Hall pair (MHP), composed of two ferromagnetic layers sandwiched by a nonmagnetic spacer layer, also has double square-shaped hysteresis loops with + H C and − H C . − Especially for MHP with equivalent saturated magnetic moments of two ferromagnetic layers, two-time decreasing amplitudes of R xy are also identical. Similar closed double square-shaped hysteresis loops are observed for antiferromagnetically coupled MHP between two ferromagnetic layers, and for antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers, open or closed double square-shaped hysteresis loops can be obtained by tuning interlayer exchange coupling. , Therefore, we infer that closed double square-shaped hysteresis loops in Figure b are related to antiferromagnetic coupling between FM 1 and FM 2, which induces the magnetic moments of FM 1 to reverse at a small positive magnetic field.…”