2022
DOI: 10.1029/2021jd036232
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Multi‐Scale Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Dynamics Observed by PMC Turbo on 12 July 2018: 1. Secondary Instabilities and Billow Interactions

Abstract: The Polar Mesospheric Cloud (PMC) Turbulence experiment performed optical imaging and Rayleigh lidar PMC profiling during a 6‐day flight in July 2018. A mosaic of seven imagers provided sensitivity to spatial scales from ∼20 m to 100 km at a ∼2‐s cadence. Lidar backscatter measurements provided PMC brightness profiles and enabled definition of vertical displacements of larger‐scale gravity waves (GWs) and smaller‐scale instabilities of various types. These measurements captured an interval of strong, widesprea… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Smaller‐amplitude GWs instead modulate such large‐scale shears, and thus the scales and intensities of KHI that arise. Additionally, GW superpositions can yield local KHI seen to occur in numerical simulations of multi‐scale dynamics (MSD) that appear to account for local KHI events in some observations (Baumgarten & Fritts, 2014, Fritts et al., 2013, 2014; Kjellstrand et al., 2022; hereafter K22).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Smaller‐amplitude GWs instead modulate such large‐scale shears, and thus the scales and intensities of KHI that arise. Additionally, GW superpositions can yield local KHI seen to occur in numerical simulations of multi‐scale dynamics (MSD) that appear to account for local KHI events in some observations (Baumgarten & Fritts, 2014, Fritts et al., 2013, 2014; Kjellstrand et al., 2022; hereafter K22).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Relative to the more widely recognized GW sources, such KHI sources have been recognized for many years, but remain one of the least quantified GW sources. KHI has been observed in polar mesospheric clouds and in airglow layers in the mesosphere (Fritts et al, 2019;Hecht et al, 2021;Kjellstrand et al, 2022). They often arise where vertical gradients of horizontal winds are enhanced due to high-frequency GWs with periods of several minutes and IGWs attaining enhanced local shears at large amplitudes.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%