“…Different techniques have been proposed including Otsu thresholding 12 , 38 – 40 and watershed algorithms 41 – 43 that are usually combined with morphology operations to improve segmentation results and address texture complexities; however, improper clump splitting and over-segmentation are the main drawbacks of the methods based on histogram thresholding and watershed transform 7 . To address the splitting of overlapping cells and avoid over segmentation marker-controlled watershed algorithms, 25 , 44 , 45 template matching, 32 , 46 Ada-boost, 31 distance transform, 47 and active contour models 21 , 48 – 50 have been presented, which perform poor to segment highly overlapping cells.…”