Multi-scale study of the mineral porosity of veined gneiss and pegmatitic granite from Olkiluoto, Western Finland

Imaging connected porosity of crystalline rock by contrast agent‐aided X‐ray microtomography and scanning electron microscopy

“…, ; Sammaljärvi et al. , ). In order to resolve the mineral phase of the areas with large changes in attenuation of X‐rays, SEM‐EDS analyses were performed.…”

“…, ; Sammaljärvi et al. , ). The main minerals of Olkiluoto veined gneiss are biotite (∼30%), quartz (∼30%), potassium feldspar (∼15%) and plagioclase (∼15%).…”

“…, ). SEM imaging revealed open unfilled pores mostly in the range of a few micrometres in the Olkiluoto veined gneiss (Sammaljärvi et al. , 2017).…”

“…A typical porosity value for Olkiluoto veined gneiss from experimental site of REPRO project is around 0.73% (Ikonen et al, 2015). SEM imaging revealed open unfilled pores mostly in the range of a few micrometres in the Olkiluoto veined gneiss (Sammaljärvi et al, 2017). Recent studies applying C-14-PMMA autoradiography have shown that there are considerable amount of nanometre scale pores and their contribution to transport by diffusion can be considered remarkable (Kuva et al, 2016;Sammaljärvi et al, 2017).…”

“…It is a flexible tool that can be used to obtain detailed two-dimensional information on the pore space of a sample with a resolution approaching 0.1 µm as well as to identify elements and minerals via elemental mapping, but its limited field of view restricts its suitability for large samples (Sardini et al, 1999). SEM-EDS is most useful when combined with methods more suitable for larger samples, such as X-ray microtomography (Voutilainen et al, 2013) and the 14 C-PMMA autoradiography technique (Cassiaux et al, 2006;Leskinen et al, 2007;Sammaljärvi et al, 2017). SEM-EDS imaging can be enhanced using contrast agents to highlight features.…”