Multi-Wavelength Light Drivable Oscillatory Actuator on Graphene-Based Bilayer Film

Tang, Rong; Sang, Wei; Wu, Yeping; Zhu, Chunhua; Liu, Jian

doi:10.1002/mame.201600384

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…When the temperature of the actuator increases, one layer of the actuator expands more than the other due to the mismatch in the thermal expansion coefficient. [37,38] Since the layers share the same interface, the structure bends toward the layer with a smaller thermal expansion coefficient. In our experiment, the PDMS layer has a higher thermal expansion coefficient (3.1 Â 10 À4 K À1 ) [8] compared to carbon tape (1.37 Â 10 À4 K À1 ) and PI tape (3.5 Â 10 À5 K À1 ) [8] layers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site‐Specific Selective Bending of Actuators using Radio Frequency Heating

Anas

Barnes

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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Actuators have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their wide range of applications, such as soft robotics, [1][2][3][4][5][6] artificial muscles, [7][8][9] drug delivery, [10] micromanipulation systems, [11,12] and switches. [13][14][15] Actuators convert external stimuli, such as temperature (including electrothermal [2,6,16] or photothermal [17,18] ), pressure, [19] and chemical inputs, [20] into mechanical energy. Actuators are useful when motion is needed in a place where humans cannot reach, such as hazardous or microscale environments. However, major challenges for actuators include the ability to move without direct connection to a power source and the ability to have site-specific actuation.Generally, for thermal actuators, two heat sources have been used as input: direct current (DC) power and photothermal from light. DC-based actuators have simple fabrication steps, [8,17] but actuators need to be connected to the source by wires, which limit their movement. Photothermal actuators can solve this physical limitation by using light to locally trigger heating. [5,18,21] These actuators also have advantages including price, safety, easy control, and fast response. Wang et al. used photothermal actuator as a propeller by continuously exposing the on/off cycles of infrared light at one end of the actuator. [5] In addition, liquid crystalline elastomers can be used in photothermal actuation; in the study by Zuo et al., three wavelengths were used to trigger the selective bending of actuators with three different dyes. [22] Radio frequency (RF) heating of nanomaterials is a noncontact heating method, [23] which can be used as heat source for actuation. Noncontact heating occurs due to the coupling of an induced electrical field with susceptors embedded in the material. Our group has previously demonstrated that certain nanomaterials act as RF susceptors, such that they will heat rapidly in response to an applied field; this allows for volumetric heating in a composite with susceptor fillers, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), laserinduced graphene (LIG), MXenes, [24] and carbon black. [23,[25][26][27] This phenomenon has been applied to a range of manufacturing applications such as welding of polymer sheets, [28] curing of epoxy nanocomposites [23] or preceramic polymer composites, [29] and screening of CNT circuits. [25,27] We have shown that the sample does not have to be directly connected to the power source, and it can heat the carbon nanomaterials at different applicator configurations (parallel plate and fringing field). [23] Despite the advantages that RF heating holds, the study of nanomaterial composite actuators using noncontact RF heating as a heat source has not been explored yet. RF heating behavior can be used as a means to not only locally trigger actuation but also perform site-specific actuation by controlling frequency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site‐Specific Selective Bending of Actuators using Radio Frequency Heating

Anas

Barnes

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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“…The light-driven and thermal-driven actuations are a utilization of difference of thermal expansion coefficient between PDMS/Graphite and Nafion layer. Also, graphite is able to convert photonic energy into thermal energy, which can speed up the volume expansion of PDMS/Graphite [38][39][40][41]. Meanwhile, the increase of temperature also leads to water desorption and shrinking of the Nafion layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Devices Based on the Soft Actuator with Nafion-Polypropylene-PDMS/Graphite Multilayer Structure

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: This stimulus-driven, fast-response and large-scale deformation flexible actuator provides a new alternative for bionic application, artificial skin, and soft sensor development. Abstract:The demand for multi-functional soft actuators with simple fabrication and fast response to multiple stimuli is increasing in the field of smart devices. However, for existing actuators that respond to a single stimulus, it is difficult to meet the requirements of application diversity. Herein, a type of multi-stimulus responsive soft actuator based on the Nafion-Polypropylene-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/Graphite multilayer membranes is proposed. Such actuators have an excellent reversible response to optical/thermal and humidity stimulation, which can reach a 224.56 • bending angle in a relative humidity of 95% within 5 s and a maximum bending angle of 324.65 • in 31 s when the platform temperature is 80 • C, and has a faster response (<0.5 s) to optical stimuli, as an asymmetric structure allows it to bend in both directions. Based on such an actuator, some applications like flexible grippers and switches to carry items or control circuits, bionic flytraps to capture and release "prey", have also been developed and studied. These provide potential applications in the fields of soft sensors, artificial skin and flexible robots.

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“…Smart materials are capable of changing their shape or dimensions under external stimuli and these are widely used in actuation devices. There are plenty of smart materials which respond to heat 1 , light 2 , 3 , electricity 4 , 5 , and magnetism 6 but recently the thrust area of research on actuators is in the fabrication of photomechanical actuators based on carbon nanostructures/polymer hybrid materials 7 – 34 because of their potential applications in soft robotics 35 , drug delivery 36 , photo actuated motor 37 , 38 , adaptive micro-mirror 39 and artificial muscles 40 . Photomechanical actuation offers a lot of advantages over traditional devices, including wireless actuation, electromechanical decoupling (and therefore low noise), electrical circuit elimination at point of use, and massive parallel actuation of device arrays from single light source 41 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunlight-driven eco-friendly smart curtain based on infrared responsive graphene oxide-polymer photoactuators

Leeladhar

Raturi

Singh

2018

Sci Rep

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Photomechanical actuation is the conversion of light energy into mechanical energy through some smart materials. Infrared-responsive smart materials have become an emerging field of research due to easy availability and eco-friendly nature of their stimulus in the form of sunlight, which contains about 50% of near-infrared(nIR) making these materials useful at macro-scale photoactuator applications. Here, we demonstrate fabrication of highly versatile nIR triggered photoactuators based on graphene oxide/polycarbonate bilayers that offers fast, low-cost fabrication, large deflection, reversible actuation and wavelength-selective response. The photoactuators are realized by vacuum filtration of graphene oxide/water dispersion through polycarbonate membrane resulting graphene oxide/polymer bilayer structure. The photoactuation response was measured in the form of deflection from equilibrium position as a result of infrared-irradiation. The deflection is caused by the generated thermal stress at the interface of bilayers due to mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient as a results of nIR absorption by graphene oxide and subsequent temperature rise. A maximum deflection of 12 mm (circular-shaped structure with diameter 28 mm) with corresponding bending curvature of 0.33 cm−1 was shown by this photoactuator for illumination intensity of 106 mW/cm2. Few applications of these photoactuators such as sunlight-driven smart curtain, infrared actuated curtain and self-folding box are also demonstrated

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Multi-Wavelength Light Drivable Oscillatory Actuator on Graphene-Based Bilayer Film

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Site‐Specific Selective Bending of Actuators using Radio Frequency Heating

Site‐Specific Selective Bending of Actuators using Radio Frequency Heating

Smart Devices Based on the Soft Actuator with Nafion-Polypropylene-PDMS/Graphite Multilayer Structure

Sunlight-driven eco-friendly smart curtain based on infrared responsive graphene oxide-polymer photoactuators

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