Multianalytical characterization of biochar and hydrochar produced from waste biomasses for environmental and agricultural applications

Taskin, Eren; Bueno, Carolina; Allegretta, Ignazio; Terzano, Roberto; Rosa, André Henrique; Loffredo, Elisabetta

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.204

Cited by 98 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The concentration of base cations in biochar is strongly correlated with biochar alkalinity, which is not a simple function of biochar's soluble ash content (Fidel et al 2017). Alkaline biochar can be used as a liming material for neutralizing acid soils (Taskin et al 2019). However, the soil liming potential of biochar is not consistent across soil and biochar types.…”

Section: Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Hossain

Bahar

Sarkar

et al. 2020

Biochar

429

125

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Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical processes. It has unique characteristics like high surface area, porosity, and surface charges. This paper reviews the fertilizer value of biochar, and its effects on soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. Biochar serves as an important source of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen in biochar produced from manures and wastes at low temperature (≤ 400 °C). The phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrient contents are higher in manure/waste biochars than those in crop residues and woody biochars. The nutrient contents and pH of biochar are positively correlated with pyrolysis temperature, except for nitrogen content. Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. However, for potassium and other nutrients, biochar shows inconsistent (positive and negative) impacts on soil. After addition of biochar, porosity, aggregate stability, and amount of water held in soil increase and bulk density decreases. Mostly, biochar increases soil pH and, thus, influences nutrient availability for plants. Biochar also alters soil biological properties by increasing microbial populations, enzyme activity, soil respiration, and microbial biomass. Finally, nutrient use efficiency and nutrient uptake improve with the application of biochar to soil. Thus, biochar can be a potential nutrient reservoir for plants and a good amendment to improve soil properties.

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Section: Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Hossain

Bahar

Sarkar

et al. 2020

Biochar

429

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Keeping into consideration the performance and economic efficiency of the HTC process over conventional slow pyrolysis, it is extensively used for wet feedstock, thus eliminates the predrying requirement. Apart from this, hydrochar has added various applications like carbon sequestration, bioenergy production and wastewater pollution [59,152] remediation in its list. Hydrochar property is dependent upon its precursor sources like rice husk, tomato leaves, banana stem, municipal waste and many others [10,129,164].…”

Section: Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass and its Applications

et al. 2019

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has gained a lot of interest in the last few years for the process production of hydrochar from the different kinds of biological materials such as agricultural waste. Therefore, a thorough review of the literature on HTC has been conducted, which is more energy-efficient and involves hydrochar preparation at a lower temperature without any specific requirements for pressure. This review article primarily differentiates between the hydrochar and biochar developed from various sources. Also, a comparative analysis has been done to evaluate the maximum efficiency of hydrochar production. The various parameters, which influence the hydrochar yield to include pH, temperature, the concentration of the modifying agent, duration of exposure, salt, and phenolic compounds, have also been highlighted in this review. The scale-up processes for industrial level hydrochar production, along with bioreactor designs, have also been discussed. We have also focused on various applications of hydrochar, such as adsorbent in wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, gas adsorption and in the field of agriculture for soil amendment. The adsorption effects of hydrochar towards the partial and proportionate adsorption of heavy metals and hazardous chemicals have been depicted. This review of the literature clearly illustrates the role of HTC in environmental remediation of soil, air and water and its usage in various industries.

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“…Characterizing the physicochemical properties of biochar and hydrochar, in turn, determine the best application of these materials [9]. Characterization methods may range from simple conventional analyses, that allow measuring basic properties like surface morphology, functional groups, crystal structure, thermal stability, etc., to more advanced ones.…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although biomasses can be converted to a periodic porous carbon network using different techniques, the two thermochemical treatments: hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis process have been mainly practiced. Pyrolysis is the thermal process which converts biomass into liquid, gaseous and solid fuels that can be performed through rapid heating [9]. Biochar is the stable carbonaceous by-product produced by pyrolysis of organic materials such as plant residues, agricultural byproducts, algae and other biomasses [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, characterization and cost analysis of activated biochar and hydrochar derived from agricultural waste: a comparative study

et al. 2019

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Utilization of low-cost, abundant and biomaterials is highly recommended for sustainable environment protection. This study presents a comparative analysis on the preparation, characterization and cost analysis of the novel activated biochar (BTS) and activated hydrochar (HTS). Teff (Eragrostis tef) straw was used as a precursor for producing BTS and HTS through pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization process, respectively. Both chars were further activated using 30 wt% H 3 PO 4 for 3 h activation time. The physicochemical properties of both chars were compared by different characterization techniques including BET, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA. Briefly, BTS exhibited heterogeneous surface structures and comparatively larger specific surface area (627.7 m 2 /g) than that of HTS (43.8 m 2 /g) with the smooth coalesced carbon layer and dull surface edges. The XRD analysis revealed the amorphous character of HTS which is dominantly composed of AlPO 4 , whilst indicating BTS to be the crystalline structure with the very trivial amount of impurities. The oxygen-containing functional groups increased for HTS in comparison to BTS. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HTS exhibited better thermal behaviors. Estimated costs incurred in the production of the HTS were found to be cheaper than compared to BTS. Overall, the experiment result suggested that Teff straw could have the potential for producing a low cost activated chars.

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Multianalytical characterization of biochar and hydrochar produced from waste biomasses for environmental and agricultural applications

Cited by 98 publications

References 54 publications

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

A Comprehensive Review on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass and its Applications

Preparation, characterization and cost analysis of activated biochar and hydrochar derived from agricultural waste: a comparative study

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