Multiband Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Circuit Design for Enabling Batteryless Sensors and IoT

Muncuk, Ufuk; Alemdar, Kubra; Sarode, Jayesh D.; Chowdhury, Kaushik R.

doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2813162

Cited by 122 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For majority of the cases, the circuit needs to be collectively examined for efficiency. Overall system PCE ( η 0 ) is examined based on the incident power and on a performance scale, including efficiency losses from impedance mismatch and reflection scattering at the antenna level.

Overall system PCE = η_{0} = \frac{P_{load}}{P_{incident}} = \frac{V_{out}^{2}}{P_{in} \times R_{load}} \times 100 % .

Since, η 0 is dependent on antenna and circuit process precision for the passive components, it may vary between different accomplishments of the same circuit design . It incorporates efficiency losses due to three distinct stages that incident antenna power must transfer through to turn into the stable load power @ V DD × I DD .…”

Section: A Theoretical Analogy Of Rectifier Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

Behera

Meher

Mishra

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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With the significant rise of low power embedded devices in various applications of both consumer and commercial usage, the surge for continuous power requirements has initiated promising research toward alternative sources of energy. It includes the domain of wireless power transmission, internet‐of‐things, wireless sensor nodes, machine‐to‐machine, and radio frequency identification. Thus, the overall scope of this review article is to witness microwave antennas and its implementation in RF energy harvesting system through ambient RF signals. For this reason, unified understanding of classical electromagnetism is needed; beginning with the fundamentals of RF transmission and the exploration of concepts such as Fraunhofer's Distance and Friis Transmission Equation. It is followed up by the analogy of dependency of parameters like circuit build‐up, conversion efficiencies and amount of power harvested, which is quite crucial from the rectifier point‐of‐view. For better improvisement in RF energy harvesting systems, five different cases of monopole antennas are explored with reflector surfaces such as PEC (perfect electrical conductor) and AMC (artificial magnetic conductor) integrated with the rectifier circuit. Implementation with wide diversity has proposed a generalized solution for achieving tradeoffs: polarization and pattern diversity with consistent system efficiency; leads to clean and sustainable energy for low power‐embedded devices.

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Overall system PCE = η_{0} = \frac{P_{load}}{P_{incident}} = \frac{V_{out}^{2}}{P_{in} \times R_{load}} \times 100 % .

Section: A Theoretical Analogy Of Rectifier Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For majority of the cases, the circuit needs to be collectively examined for efficiency. Overall system PCE (η 0 ) is examined based on the incident power 57 and on a performance scale, including efficiency losses from impedance mismatch and reflection scattering at the antenna level.…”

Section: A Theoretical Analogy Of Rectifier Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

Behera

Meher

Mishra

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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“…In case of a small input signal, the DC output voltage may not be sufficient for the operation or may cause a decreased read range in the case of RFID systems. Therefore, increasing the number of stages is a way to increase the level of DC output voltage according to (5) and thus the communication range of the system. This section describes how to select an appropriate number of rectifier stages for various application scenarios.…”

Section: Design Considerations Of Multistage Rectifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of RF energy harvesting systems, the sources of RF powers are analog/digital TV, RF cellular networks, AM/FM radios, and Wi‐Fi networks. The ambient RF power density is approximately −70 to −30 dBm/cm 2 for rural areas and −35 to −20 dBm/cm 2 for downtown areas. Therefore, to harvest the energy from ambient RF signals, it is necessary to design a rectifier circuit with high PCE at low RF input power in order to maximize the harvesting efficiency …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, to harvest the energy from ambient RF signals, it is necessary to design a rectifier circuit with high PCE at low RF input power in order to maximize the harvesting efficiency. 5 In this paper, we present RF rectifier circuit design using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology for 915 MHz and 5.8 GHz RFID tags to be combined with integrated ultrasmall on-chip antennas. The goal is to achieve high sensitivity and PCE at low input power for enhanced read range of the RFID system, 6 whereas most of the previous works presents PCE of rectifiers with higher input power.…”

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confidence: 99%

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CMOS rectifier design for RFID chip with high sensitivity at low input power to be combined with an ultrasmall antenna

Jantarachote

Tontisirin²,

Akkaraekthalin

et al. 2019

Int J Numerical Modelling

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This paper presents CMOS radio frequency (RF) rectifier circuit design for radio frequency identification (RFID) tag with integrated on‐chip antenna. The proposed design focuses on high sensitivity and high efficiency at low input power. The rectifier circuit was designed using Advanced Design System (ADS) software tool with the UMC130 process as a single‐ended rectifier structure in different topologies where sensitivity and efficiency enhancement techniques are applied. This work presents the performance of the proposed CMOS RF rectifier circuit in comparison with previously published works for 915 MHz and 5.8 GHz operating frequencies. For the 915 MHz band, the highest sensitivity of −19.8 dBm is provided by the adaptive threshold voltage compensation circuit with a power conversion efficiency of 9.843%. The 5.8 GHz band uses the adaptive threshold voltage compensation and dynamic bulk bias techniques providing the highest sensitivity of −16.8 dBm. Compared with other works in the literature, the proposed circuits offer greater sensitivity and can easily be matched with ultrasmall on‐chip antennas because of appropriate values of the input impedance.

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2021

Wireless RF Energy Transfer in the Massive IoT Era

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Multiband Ambient RF Energy Harvesting Circuit Design for Enabling Batteryless Sensors and IoT

Cited by 122 publications

References 23 publications

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

CMOS rectifier design for RFID chip with high sensitivity at low input power to be combined with an ultrasmall antenna

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