Multicausal etiology of anemia among women of reproductive age in Vietnam

Nguyen, Phuong Hong; González-Casanova, Inés; Nguyen, Hieu; Pham, Hoa; Truong, T; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; Ramakrishnan, Usha

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.181

Cited by 47 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Loss to follow-up postconception was also lower (9.6%) and did not differ by treatment group, although there were some differences in baseline characteristics for the final sample of women with birth outcomes compared with those who did not conceive or were missing birth outcomes. Finally, although dietary intake was low for several micronutrients, the interpretation of our findings is also limited by lack of information on the extent of micronutrient deficiencies based on biomarkers besides iron and vitamin A (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neither Preconceptional Weekly Multiple Micronutrient nor Iron–Folic Acid Supplements Affect Birth Size and Gestational Age Compared with a Folic Acid Supplement Alone in Rural Vietnamese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ramakrishnan

Nguyen

González-Casanova

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neither Preconceptional Weekly Multiple Micronutrient nor Iron–Folic Acid Supplements Affect Birth Size and Gestational Age Compared with a Folic Acid Supplement Alone in Rural Vietnamese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ramakrishnan

Nguyen

González-Casanova

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…The fight against anemia calls for detection of the issue first and identification of risk factors in different countries and regions. Additionally, due to great improvements in different countries based on their social, economic and cultural differences, the rate of anemia has been decreasing compared to previous years 14-16…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of variables related to reproductivity on anemia detected in women

et al. 2017

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Objective:To determine the prevalence of anemia and related factors among women in Turkey.Methods:This descriptive study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of the Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Medical School. Randomly selected women were given questionnaires regarding their socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics. The data were coded and analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 software. Statistical analyses with 95% confidence intervals were considered to be significant if p<0.05.Results:The study results showed an anemia prevalence of 27.8% in the study sample. Among all anemia diagnoses among the participants, 56.0% were determined to have iron deficiency, 37.1% iron-deficiency anemia, and 6.9% severe anemia. It was observed that anemia was detected among women who were 15-49 years of age (p<0.05), menstruating (p<0.05), had a history of Cesarean section (p<0.05), and had not entered menopause (p<0.05). Based on forward-stepwise-logistic regression analysis, the most important parameter was concluded to be age group, which was followed by menopausal status.Conclusions:The study results suggest that the anemia prevalence rate is specifically higher among women of reproductive age. To prevent anemia at a low cost, it is recommended to provide women with relevant information and well-planned interactive educational programs.

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“…Furthermore, there were disparities by income where women in low SES households were at greatest risk for not meeting dietary nutrient requirements. In addition, we have examined factors associated with anemia at baseline in our study population [50] and found that beyond ferritin concentration, being an ethnic minority (-0.24 mg/dL compared with the Kinh ethnic majority), number of children (-0.17) and socioeconomic status (0.09) were directly associated with Hb concentration ( P <0.05). Retinol Binding Protein (RBP- a marker of vitamin A status) was also directly associated with Hb (0.27 mg/dL) and with ferritin (0.09 mg/dL), whereas hookworm infection was indirectly associated with Hb (-0.11) through RBP and ferritin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam

et al. 2016

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ObjectivePreconception micronutrient interventions may be a promising approach to reduce anemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy, but currently we have limited data to inform policies. We evaluated whether providing additional pre-pregnancy weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) or multiple micronutrient (MM) supplements compared to only folic acid (FA) improves iron status and anemia during pregnancy and early postpartum.MethodsWe conducted a double blind randomized controlled trial in which 5011 Vietnamese women were provided with weekly supplements containing either only 2800 μg FA (control group), IFA (60 mg Fe and 2800 μg FA) or MM (15 micronutrients with similar amounts of IFA). All women who became pregnant (n = 1813) in each of the 3 groups received daily IFA (60 mg Fe and 400 μg FA) through delivery. Hematological indicators were assessed at baseline (pre-pregnancy), during pregnancy, 3 months post-partum, and in cord blood. Adjusted generalized linear models were applied to examine the impact of preconception supplementation on anemia and iron stores, using both intention to treat and per protocol analyses (women consumed supplements ≥ 26 weeks before conception).ResultsAt baseline, 20% of women were anemic, but only 14% had low iron stores (ferritin <30 μg/L) and 3% had iron deficiency (ferritin <12 μg/L). The groups were balanced for baseline characteristics. Anemia prevalence increased during pregnancy and post-partum but was similar among intervention groups. In intention to treat analyses, prenatal ferritin was significantly higher among women receiving MM (geometric mean (μg/L) [95% CI]: 93.6 [89.3–98.2]) and IFA (91.9 [87.6–96.3]) compared to control (85.3 [81.5–89.2]). In per protocol analyses, women receiving MM or IFA had higher ferritin 3 months postpartum (MM 118.2 [109.3–127.8]), IFA 117.8 [108.7–127.7] vs control 101.5 [94.0–109.7]) and gave birth to infants with greater iron stores (MM 184.3 [176.1–192.9]), IFA 189.9 [181.6–198.3] vs control 175.1 [167.9–182.6]).ConclusionPreconception supplementation with MM or IFA resulted in modest increases in maternal and infant iron stores but did not impact anemia. Further research is needed to characterize the etiology of anemia in this population and identify effective interventions for reducing prenatal anemia.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01665378

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Multicausal etiology of anemia among women of reproductive age in Vietnam

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

Neither Preconceptional Weekly Multiple Micronutrient nor Iron–Folic Acid Supplements Affect Birth Size and Gestational Age Compared with a Folic Acid Supplement Alone in Rural Vietnamese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Neither Preconceptional Weekly Multiple Micronutrient nor Iron–Folic Acid Supplements Affect Birth Size and Gestational Age Compared with a Folic Acid Supplement Alone in Rural Vietnamese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The effect of variables related to reproductivity on anemia detected in women

Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam

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