Multicomponent Therapeutics of Berberine Alkaloids

Luo, Jiaoyang; Yan, Dan; Yang, Meihua; Dong, Xiaoping; Xiao, Xiaohe

doi:10.1155/2013/545898

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These findings supported the results of other researches that found decreasing S. aureus numbers after treatment with alkaloids (18,21). Although the exposure to crude alkaloid up to 0.5 mg/ml for 2 h resulted in a slight increase of the cell numbers, the decline of sea relative expression was observed.…”

Section: Effect Of Crude Alkaloid To the Cell Number Of Ssupporting

confidence: 91%

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Gene–Carrying Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods and Its Control by Crude Alkaloid from Papaya Leaves

Handayani

Faridah

Kusumaningrum

2014

Journal of Food Protection

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Staphylococcus aureus is a known pathogen causing intoxication by producing enterotoxins in food. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A is one of the enterotoxins commonly implicated in staphylococcal food poisoning. The ability of crude alkaloid extract from papaya leaves to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxin A synthesis was investigated. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A gene-carrying S. aureus was isolated from raw milk and ready-to-eat foods. Crude alkaloid was extracted from ground, dried papaya leaves using ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and a MIC of the alkaloid was determined by the broth macrodilution method. Furthermore, S. aureus isolate was exposed to the crude alkaloid extract at one- and twofold MIC, and the expression of sea was subsequently analyzed using a quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR. Ten isolates of S. aureus were obtained, and nine of those isolates were sea carriers. The yield of crude alkaloid extract was 0.48 to 1.82% per dry weight of papaya leaves. A MIC of crude alkaloid to S. aureus was 0.25 mg/ml. After exposure to the alkaloid at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml for 2 h, a significant increase in cycle threshold values of sea was observed. The sea was expressed 29 and 41 times less when S. aureus was exposed to crude alkaloid at one- and twofold MIC, respectively. This study revealed that crude alkaloid of papaya leaves could control staphylococcal enterotoxin A gene-carrying S. aureus by suppressing the expression of sea, in addition to the ability to inhibit the growth of S. aureus. The expression of sea was successfully quantified.

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Section: Effect Of Crude Alkaloid To the Cell Number Of Ssupporting

confidence: 91%

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Gene–Carrying Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods and Its Control by Crude Alkaloid from Papaya Leaves

Handayani

Faridah

Kusumaningrum

2014

Journal of Food Protection

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“…Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from medicinal plants such as Rhizoma coptidis , Scutellaria baicalensis and Phellodendron amurense . Although it is mainly used to treat infectious diseases in traditional medical practice, BBR has recently been explored for lipid-lowering, anti-diabetes, immune modulation, protection of ischemic myocardium, anti-hypertension, anti-arrhythmia and anti-cancer purposes in several studies [1] , [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transportation of Berberine into HepG2, HeLa and SY5Y Cells: A Correlation to Its Anti-Cancer Effect

et al. 2014

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The anti-cancer activities of berberine (BBR) have been reported extensively in various cancer cell lines. However, the minimal inhibitory concentrations of BBR varied greatly among different cell lines and very few studies have been devoted to elucidate this aspect. In this study, we employed three cancer cell lines, HepG2, HeLa and SY5Y, to compare the transportation and distribution of BBR. HPLC results demonstrated that BBR was capable of penetrating all the cell lines whereas the cumulative concentrations were significantly different. HepG2 cells accumulated higher level of BBR for longer duration than the other two cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed the BBR binding site on P-glycoprotein 1 (P-gp). In addition, we elucidated that BBR regulated P-gp at both mRNA and protein levels. BBR induced the transcription and translation of P-gp in HeLa and SY5Y cells, whereas BBR inhibited P-gp expression in HepG2 cells. Further study showed that BBR regulates P-gp expression depending on different mechanisms (or affected by different factors) in different cell lines. To summarize, our study has revealed several mechanistic aspects of BBR regulation on P-gp in different cancer cell lines and might shed some useful insights into the use of BBR in the anti-cancer drug development.

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“…The treatment of infections with single antibiotics has faced many obstacles. Antibiotic combination therapy is an attractive option for preventing the emergence of resistance and overcoming resistance to single antibiotics [25]. In this study, the results of BBR combined with antibiotics showed that BBR combined with AMI had the best bacteriostatic effect on MRSA and almost had a bactericidal effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The bacteriostatic effect and mechanism of berberine on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To observe the bacteriostatic effect of berberine (BBR) and BBR combined with gentamicin (GEN), levofloxacin (LEV) and amikacin (AMI) on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while also exploring the bacteriostatic mechanism of BBR on MRSA. Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BBR, GEN, LEV and AMI on 26 clinical MRSA strains was determined by broth microdilution, while the MICs of BBR combined with GEN, LEV and AMI against MRSA were determined using a microdilution checkerboard. Time-killing curves were used to determine the kinetics of BBR combined with antibiotics for MRSA. We used conductivity tests to assess the changes in membrane permeability in response to BBR on MRSA, while also investigating the changes in MRSA morphology by transmission electron microscopy. RNA-sequencing was used to analyze the expression of differentially expressed genes in reference strain USA300 after its treatment with BBR at different concentrations.Results: The MICs range of BBR on 26 strains of MRSA was 32-256 µg/mL. BBR combined with GEN, LEV and AMI had obvious bacteriostatic effect on MASA. After co-culturing MRSA with BBR at 512 ug/mL, 64 ug/mL and 8 ug/mL, respectively, the electrical conductivity increased, compared with the control group, by 8.14%, 13.08% and 12.01%, respectively. Using transmission electron microscopy, we found that low concentration of BBR (8 ug/mL) had no significant effect on MRSA structure (keeping intact), medium concentration of BBR (64 ug/mL) thinned the cell wall of MRSA, while high concentration of BBR (512 ug/mL) induced the destruction and dissolution of MRSA cell wall structure and the leakage of bacterial contents, leading to bacterial lysis. RNA-sequencing results showed that there were 754 differentially expressed genes in the high concentration group compared with the normal control group. Compared with the low concentration group, there were 590 differentially expressed genes in the high concentration group. Compared with the control group, only 19 genes were differentially expressed in the low concentration group. The up-regulated genes are mainly related to the cell wall hydrolysis regulatory genes, while the down-regulated genes are mainly related to the serine protease family.Conclusions: BBR displayed an excellent bacteriostatic effect on MRSA. BBR combined with GEN and AMI significantly enhanced the bacteriostatic effect on MRSA, while BBR combined with LEV showed no significant change in the bacteriostatic effect on MRSA. BBR inhibited bacteria by destroying and dissolving the structure of MRSA cell wall. RNA-sequencing results further demonstrated that the expression of cell wall hydrolysis genes ssaA, lytM and virulence factor serine protease genes were significantly differentially expressed when high concentration BBR treated on MRSA.

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Multicomponent Therapeutics of Berberine Alkaloids

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Gene–Carrying Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods and Its Control by Crude Alkaloid from Papaya Leaves

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Gene–Carrying Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods and Its Control by Crude Alkaloid from Papaya Leaves

Transportation of Berberine into HepG2, HeLa and SY5Y Cells: A Correlation to Its Anti-Cancer Effect

The bacteriostatic effect and mechanism of berberine on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro

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