Multidimensional gas chromatography

Marriott, Philip J.; Chin, Sung‐Tong; Maikhunthod, Bussayarat; Schmarr, Hans‐Georg; Bieri, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.10.013

Cited by 230 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…Compared to one‐dimensional systems, GC×GC applies different selectivity in two chromatographic dimensions to provide higher separation power and unmatched peak capacity combined with meaningful 2D elution patterns that facilitate analyte identification and sample fingerprinting. However, as reviewed by Marriott et al . and more recently by Cordero et al ., the number of application methods that combine fingerprinting and profiling with quantitation of informative volatile analytes (targets) is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel dual secondary‐column‐dual detection comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: a flexible and reliable analytical tool for essential oils quantitative profiling

Sgorbini

Cagliero

Boggia

et al. 2015

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques now available for detailed analysis, identification and quantitation of medium‐to‐high complexity mixtures. However, the number of application methods that combine fingerprinting and/or profiling with quantitation of informative volatile analytes (targets) is still limited. Possible reasons are related to the huge amount of information to handle and to the availability of reference standards for calibration. Although quantitative analysis by GC×GC is complex it has important advantages: (i) to assess data/results over an extended time frame, varied instrumentation and different laboratories; (ii) to interpret the biological role of (potential) biomarkers; (iii) to evaluate the impact of potent odourants; and/or (iv) to define product quality, e.g. relative to a reference standard. In this study, a GC×2GC‐MS/FID platform consisting of one primary column (1D) coupled to two parallel secondary columns (2D) having an identical inner diameter, stationary phase chemistry and film thickness, which, in turn, are connected to two detectors: a fast quadrupole MS and a FID, was adopted for quantitative profiling of essential oils (EOs). Two medium complexity EOs (i.e. Mentha and Lavandula species) that pose different quantitation challenges were taken as examples and a selection of quality markers subjected to an extensive method performance evaluation (e.g. method validation). Experimental results confirmed the platform's reliability in terms of: linearity, precision and quantitation accuracy. In addition, predicted FID Relative Response Factors (RRFs) based on combustion enthalpies were adopted to extend quantitation to all identified analytes. The experimental data demonstrated the accuracy of the predicted RRFs, supporting their adoption in quantitation of EO markers. This approach is of particular interest for those applications where reference standards are not (easily) available and/or regulated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel dual secondary‐column‐dual detection comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: a flexible and reliable analytical tool for essential oils quantitative profiling

Sgorbini

Cagliero

Boggia

et al. 2015

Flavour & Fragrance J

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“…This kind of retention patterning in the 2D chromatograms, which becomes more clear upon resolution of F(ab') 2 or Fd fragments with Fc/2 fragments by the 2 D RP separation, can be extremely helpful in identifying novel unknowns. 27 A number of other factors can affect retention in CEX, most notably other PTMs. Deamidation is a commonly observed PTM that is known to contribute to the heterogeneity and stability of recombinant mAbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of originator and biosimilar therapeutic monoclonal antibodies using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Sorensen

Harmes

Stoll

et al. 2016

mAbs

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As research, development, and manufacturing of biosimilar protein therapeutics proliferates, there is great interest in the continued development of a portfolio of complementary analytical methods that can be used to efficiently and effectively characterize biosimilar candidate materials relative to the respective reference (i.e., originator) molecule. Liquid phase separation techniques such as liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis are powerful tools that can provide both qualitative and quantitative information about similarities and differences between reference and biosimilar materials, especially when coupled with mass spectrometry. However, the inherent complexity of these protein materials challenges even the most modern one-dimensional (1D) separation methods. Two-dimensional (2D) separations present a number of potential advantages over 1D methods, including increased peak capacity, 2D peak patterns that can facilitate unknown identification, and improvement in the compatibility of some separation methods with mass spectrometry. In this study, we demonstrate the use of comprehensive 2D-LC separations involving cation-exchange (CEX) and reversed-phase (RP) separations in the first and second dimensions to compare 3 reference/biosimilar pairs of monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab, trastuzumab and infliximab) that cover a range of similarity/disimilarity in a middle-up approach. The second dimension RP separations are coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry, which enables direct identification of features in the chromatograms obtained from mAbs digested with the IdeS enzyme, or digestion with IdeS followed by reduction with dithiothreitol. As many as 23 chemically unique mAb fragments were detected in a single sample. Our results demonstrate that these rich datasets enable facile assesment of the degree of similarity between reference and biosimilar materials.

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“…It results from the fact that the components of investigated sample, which are present in a mobile phase, leave the first chromatographic column and then they are collected and fractionally dosed into the second column using a modulator (being central element of the GCxGC system). Both columns differ in polarity of the stationary phase, which allows an increase in selectivity [20, 21]. The GCxGC–MS technique provides the information about qualitative and quantitative composition of the investigated samples characterized by complex matrix composition [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary use of GCxGC–TOF–MS and statistics for differentiation of variety in biosolid samples

et al. 2018

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Multidimensional gas chromatography

Cited by 230 publications

References 180 publications

Parallel dual secondary‐column‐dual detection comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: a flexible and reliable analytical tool for essential oils quantitative profiling

Parallel dual secondary‐column‐dual detection comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography: a flexible and reliable analytical tool for essential oils quantitative profiling

Comparison of originator and biosimilar therapeutic monoclonal antibodies using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Complementary use of GCxGC–TOF–MS and statistics for differentiation of variety in biosolid samples

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