Multidimensional Josephson vortices in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates: Snake instability and decay through vortex dipoles

Gallemí, A.; Guilleumas, M.; Mayol, R.; Mateo, A. Muñoz

doi:10.1103/physreva.93.033618

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…2 and 3 demonstrate that the initial states, with the horizontally-oriented JV and vertically-oriented vortex line, evolve into series of vortices and antivortices, with axes oriented parallel to the z-axis. Note that a similar snake instability and decay of the JV into vortex dipoles was also observed in spin-orbitcoupled BECs [4]. Subsequent evolution of the vortices depends on two factors: (i) interaction between adjacent vortices (attraction for a vortex-vortex pair and repulsion for an vortex-antivortex one), and (ii) drift of the Fig.…”

Section: The Evolution Of Merging Persistent Currentssupporting

confidence: 59%

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Nonlinear dynamics of Josephson vortices in merging superfluid rings

Oliinyk

Malomed

Yakimenko

2020

Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation

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We consider merger of two parallel toroidal atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with different vorticities in a three-dimensional (3D) trap. In the tunnel-coupling regime, Josephson vortices (rotational fluxons) emerge in the barrier between the superflows. When the barrier is gradually eliminated, we observe essentially three-dimensional evolution of quantum vortices, which may include the development of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface between the rings, in the framework of a weakly dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation. An initially more populated ring, carrying a persistent current, can drag an initially non-rotating less populated one into the same vortex state. The final state of the condensate crucially depends on an initial population imbalance in the double-ring set, as well as on the shape of the 3D trapping potential, oblate or prolate. In the prolate (axially elongated) configuration, robust 3D hybrid structures may appear as a result of the merger of persistent currents corresponding to different vorticities.

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Section: The Evolution Of Merging Persistent Currentssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Multidimensional JVs in spin-orbit-coupled BECs were considered in Ref. [4]. Rotational fluxons in BEC loaded into coplanar doublering traps were studied in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear dynamics of Josephson vortices in merging superfluid rings

Oliinyk

Malomed

Yakimenko

2020

Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation

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“…Within the mean field framework, the dynamical properties of Josephson vortices have been also studied in two coupled 1D BECs [10-14, 17, 18]. Generalizations of Josephson vortex states to tunnel-coupled spinor gases [19] and to multidimensional spin-orbit coupled condensates [20] have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse Josephson vortices and localized states in stacked Bose–Einstein condensates

et al. 2019

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The stacks of Bose-Einstein condensates coupled by long Josephson junctions present a rich phenomenology feasible to experimental realization and specially suitable for technological applications as the nonlinear-optics and superconducting analogs have already proved. Among this, we show that transverse Bloch waves excited in arrays of one-dimensional coupled condensates can carry tunneling superflows whose dynamical stability depends on the quasimomentum. Across the stacks with periodic boundary conditions, forming closed ring-shaped systems, such Bloch states yield transverse Josephson vortices with a generic non-integer circulation in units of h/m. Additionally, the superpositions of degenerate linear Bloch waves can suppress the supercurrents and give rise to families of nonlinear standing-wave states with strong (transverse) spatial localization. Stable states of this type can also be found in finite size systems.

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“…The analogy with the physics of quarks and strings is further reinforced by the linear increase of the confining potential with the distance between the vortices in a pair and the possibility for the domain wall to connect either a vortex and an antivortex in the same atomic species or vortices with the same angular momentum in different atomic species (such pairs are named mesons and baryons, respectively, in the recent work by Eto and Nitta [9]). Because of the high energy cost, it is preferable for long domain walls to decay into smaller ones connecting vortex pairs [7,[9][10][11]. This is expected to be the relevant decay mechanism for small values of the Rabi coupling.…”

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confidence: 99%

Decay of the relative phase domain wall into confined vortex pairs: The case of a coherently coupled bosonic mixture

et al. 2019

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A domain wall of relative phase in a flattened harmonically-trapped Bose-Einstein condensed mixture of two atomic hyperfine states, subject to a stationary Rabi coupling of intensity Ω, is predicted to decay through two different mechanisms. For small values of Ω the instability has an energetic nature and is associated with the formation of a vortex-antivortex pair of the same atomic hyperfine states, whose motion inside the trap causes the emergence of magnetization, the bending of the domain wall and its consequent fragmentation. For large values of Ω the domain wall instead undergoes a dynamic snake instability, caused by the negative value of its effective mass and results in the fast fragmentation of the wall into smaller domain walls confining vortex pairs of different atomic species. Numerical predictions are given by solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation in experimentally available configurations of mixtures of sodium atomic gases.The study of topological defects in ordered phases encompasses different fields of physics from quantum fluids and superconductors to cosmology. Of particular interest is the case of composite defects due to the presence of multiple symmetry breaking [1]. In this respect ultracold gases mixtures are emerging as one of the most suitable platforms for studying the dynamical behaviour of topological defects and in particular their formation and decay. The easiest system showing interesting composite defects is most probably a binary Bose-Bose mixture with an interconversion term, realized via external coherent Rabi coupling, between two hyperfine components [2][3][4][5]. The intriguing features of such a gas are related to the controlled -via the tunability of the Rabi coupling -breaking of the conservation of the relative atom number. Only the total atom number is conserved, due to the U (1) symmetry related global phase (see, e.g., [6] and reference therein).An interesting solitonic solution is represented by the sine-Gordon domain wall of the relative phase, explored by Son and Stephanov [7] for Bose-Einstein condensed gases and by Tanaka [8] for two-band superconductors. The relative phase domain wall (hereafter simply called domain wall) is characterized by an asymptotic 2π jump of the relative phase between the two condensates, whose space gradient is localized in a narrow region fixed by the strength of the Rabi coupling, which makes it energetically costly. Such a solitonic configuration is particularly relevant because it provides non trivial constraints on the topology of quantized vortices. Indeed, in the presence of coherent coupling between the two condensates, a quantized vortex in one of the two components of the mixture, also known as half-quantized vortex, has always a domain wall attached to it. As a consequence isolated halfquantized vortices cannot exist, but are rather paired in order to screen the relative phase change. This situa-tion is reminiscent of the problem of quarks in particle physics, which cannot exist as individual particles, but ...

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Multidimensional Josephson vortices in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates: Snake instability and decay through vortex dipoles

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Nonlinear dynamics of Josephson vortices in merging superfluid rings

Nonlinear dynamics of Josephson vortices in merging superfluid rings

Transverse Josephson vortices and localized states in stacked Bose–Einstein condensates

Decay of the relative phase domain wall into confined vortex pairs: The case of a coherently coupled bosonic mixture

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