Multidisciplinary treatment of synchronous primary rectal and prostate cancers

Abstract

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, chemoradiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and surgery.

Surgery for rectal cancer after high‐dose radiotherapy for prostate cancer: is sphincter preservation relevant?

“…Despite being an uncommon coincidental finding, synchronous or metachronous prostate and rectal cancer are being encountered more frequently because of today's increased life expectancy. Only some sporadic cases have, however, been reported in the urological literature regarding joint management of rectal and prostate cancers, and have reported varying approaches . Kavanagh et al .…”

“…Despite being an uncommon coincidental finding, synchronous or metachronous prostate and rectal cancer are being encountered more frequently because of today's increased life expectancy. Only some sporadic cases have, however, been reported in the urological literature regarding joint management of rectal and prostate cancers, and have reported varying approaches [13][14][15][16]. Kavanagh et al [17] reported 12 patients with prostate and mid or low rectal cancer, but the treatments of the prostate cancer were variable and only five patients received high-dose radiotherapy.…”

Synchronous prostate and rectal adenocarcinomas irradiation utilising volumetric modulated arc therapy

“…Colonias et al described the utilisation of IMRT technique in a case to deliver irradiation to the prostate and rectum with the intent of avoiding prostatectomy and preserving sphincter function, while limiting acute and chronic toxicity. The patient described about the grade 2 enteritis, experienced during treatment and for 4 weeks post‐treatment requiring the use of anti‐diarrhoeal medication.…”

“…Therefore, the diagnosis of synchronous prostate and colorectal cancers are not that uncommon. There are several reports of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy . Upfront surgery has been reported as an option to remove both primary malignancies in a single operation .…”

The curative management of synchronous rectal and prostate cancer

“…Patient 1 underwent pelvic exenteration involving rectal resection and cystoprostatectomy with formation of an intestinal urinary conduit 13 months post CRT. In the latter case, a residual rectal ulcer was 8,9 Primary surgical management with radical retropubic prostatectomy and AR or APR has been described in two separate case series. 10,11 When faced with a patient with synchronous rectal and prostate cancers, the validity of treating both sites must be questioned on an individual patient basis.…”