“…They are thought to originate from the cranial neural crest, which expresses early markers for both MSCs and neuroectodermal stem cells (Gronthos et al, 2000a;Miura et al, 2003b) and can differentiate into functional neurons (Gronthos et al, 2000a;Miura et al, 2003b) and oligodendrocytes (Sakai et al, 2012) under appropriate conditions. When engrafted, these dental pulp-derived stem cells promote functional recovery from various acute and chronic CNS insults through both cell replacement and paracrine mechanisms (Yamamoto et al, 2014;Young et al, 2013).…”