Multifunctional magnetic mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds with a hierarchical pore structure

Abstract

Hyperthermia and local drug delivery have been proposed as potential therapeutic approaches for bone defects resulting from malignant bone tumors. The development of bioactive materials with magnetic and drug delivery properties may potentially meet this target. The aim of this study was to develop a multifunctional mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) scaffold system for both hyperthermic and local drug delivery applications. To this end iron (Fe)-containing MBG (Fe-MBG) scaffolds with a hierarchical large pores structure (300-500 μm) and fingerprint-like mesopores (4.5 nm) have been prepared. The effects of Fe on the mesopore structure and physiochemical, magnetic, drug delivery and biological properties of MBG scaffolds have been systematically investigated. The results show that the morphology of the mesopores varied from straight channels to curved fingerprint-like channels after incorporation of Fe into MBG scaffolds. The magnetism of MBG scaffolds can be tailored by controlling the Fe content. Furthermore, the incorporation of Fe into mesoporous MBG glass scaffolds enhanced the mitochondrial activity and the expression of bone-related genes (ALP and OCN) in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) attached to the scaffolds. The Fe-MBG scaffolds obtained also possessed high specific surface areas and demonstrated sustained drug delivery. Thus Fe-MBG scaffolds are magnetic, degradable and bioactive. The multifunctionality of Fe-MBG scaffolds suggests that there is great potential for their use in the treatment and regeneration of large-bone defects caused by malignant bone tumors through a combination of hyperthermia, local drug delivery and osteoconductivity.

Bioactive glass-based nanocomposites for personalized dental tissue regeneration

“…The in vitro studies using B ion-doped implants showed no cytotoxic effects in bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and ions were gradually released into the culture medium, resulting in enhanced cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization 107) . Sr, Fe, Mg, Zn or Zr-doped BGNs and their nanocomposite enhanced cell proliferative activity and apatite formation ability as well as the expression of bone-related genes (osteocalcin and ALP) and dentin-related genes (DSPP and DMP) in human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells and pulp stem cells 108,109) . Li-doped BGNs and their nanocomposites in the use of human periodontal ligament-derived cells improved cementum formation of the cells and thereby mineralization during periodontal regeneration, which is responsible for linking the roots and surrounding alveolar bone 110) .…”

Nanotechnology in the targeted drug delivery for bone diseases and bone regeneration

“…We have developed a series of MBG scaffolds with varying compositions for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering application. [98][99][100][101] The prepared scaffolds possess large pores with the size of 300-500 µm, and well-ordered mesopores with the pore size of 5 nm (Figure 3). The advantages of the MBG scaffolds prepared by polyurethane sponge template method include their highly interconnective pore structures and controllable pore size (porosity), while the disadvantage is the low mechanical strength of the material.…”

Synchrotron X-ray Absorption and In Vitro Bioactivity of Magnetic Macro/Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses

“…In response to alternating magnetic fields, heat is generated to eliminate cancerous tissues around the bone defects [7][8][9]. Local drug delivery can also be added to prevent the transportation of cancer cells to other sites [9][10][11]. To realize the commercial potential of these multifunctional bioactive glasses, attempts have been made to determine the influence of process parameters on the distribution of pores, magnetic properties and bioactivity.…”

“…By incorporating magnetic nanoparticles, the obtained bioactive glasses can be implemented in local hyperthermia treatments. In response to alternating magnetic fields, heat is generated to eliminate cancerous tissues around the bone defects [7][8][9]. Local drug delivery can also be added to prevent the transportation of cancer cells to other sites [9][10][11].…”