Multifunctional molecular modulators for perovskite solar cells with over 20% efficiency and high operational stability

Bi, Dongqin; Li, Xiong; Milić, Jovana V.; Kubicki, Dominik; Pellet, Norman; Luo, Jingshan; LaGrange, Thomas; Mettraux, P.; Emsley, Lyndon; Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.; Grätzel, Michaël

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06709-w

Cited by 292 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The peaks at 1580 and 1307.5 cm −1 are respectively corresponding to the carboxylate and pyridine of PbPyA 2 , which reveals existence of PbPyA 2 in the perovskite film after annealing. [40] In Figure 1e, the control film shows peaks of metallic Pb located at 141.9 and 136.4 eV while suppressed in the doped film. Meanwhile, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is conducted to further verify the change of chemical bonding states of Pb and I after incorporating with PbPyA 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Efficient Passivation with Lead Pyridine‐2‐Carboxylic for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Wan

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

168

127

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Stability has become the main obstacle for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) despite the impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE). Poor crystallization and ion migration of perovskite are the major origins of its degradation under working condition. Here, high‐performance PSCs incorporated with pyridine‐2‐carboxylic lead salt (PbPyA2) are fabricated. The pyridine and carboxyl groups on PbPyA2 can not only control crystallization but also passivate grain boundaries (GBs), which result in the high‐quality perovskite film with larger grains and fewer defects. In addition, the strong interaction among the hydrophobic PbPyA2 molecules and perovskite GBs acts as barriers to ion migration and component volatilization when exposed to external stresses. Consequently, superior optoelectronic perovskite films with improved thermal and moisture stability are obtained. The resulting device shows a champion efficiency of 19.96% with negligible hysteresis. Furthermore, thermal (90 °C) and moisture (RH 40–60%) stability are improved threefold, maintaining 80% of initial efficiency after aging for 480 h. More importantly, the doped device exhibits extraordinary improvement of operational stability and remains 93% of initial efficiency under maximum power point (MPP) tracking for 540 h.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Efficient Passivation with Lead Pyridine‐2‐Carboxylic for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Wan

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

168

127

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“…The combination of these two passivating molecules shows the synergistic effect of passivating both the positively charged under‐coordinated Pb 2+ and negatively charged PbX 3 − anti‐sites defects. Bi et al . described on the multifunctional molecular modulator of 3‐(5‐mercapto‐1 H ‐tetrazol‐1‐yl)benzenaminium iodide, composed of hydrophobic heteroaromatic cores functionalized by ammonium (‐NH 3 + ) and thiol groups (‐SH).…”

Section: Defect Passivation In Metal Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4) The fourth functionality is associated with the enlargement in grain size induced by the thiol groups. The growth of monolithic‐type and/or large perovskite grains in polycrystalline films is a widely employed strategy to reduce detrimental defects . Although several groups have reported that amino‐functionalized groups are efficient for passivating under‐coordinated PbI 6 octahedra (Table S2), Xu et al .…”

Section: Defect Passivation In Metal Halide Perovskitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Detrimental Defects for High‐Performance Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

2020

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In several photovoltaic (PV) technologies, the presence of electronic defects within the semiconductor band gap limit the efficiency, reproducibility, as well as lifetime. Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have drawn great attention because of their excellent photovoltaic properties that can be achieved even without a very strict film‐growth control processing. Much has been done theoretically in describing the different point defects in MHPs. Herein, we discuss the experimental challenges in thoroughly characterizing the defects in MHPs such as, experimental assignment of the type of defects, defects densities, and the energy positions within the band gap induced by these defects. The second topic of this Review is passivation strategies. Based on a literature survey, the different types of defects that are important to consider and need to be minimized are examined. A complete fundamental understanding of defect nature in MHPs is needed to further improve their optoelectronic functionalities.

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“…[36][37][38][39][40] We therefore probed the long-term performance of 2D perovskite solar cells (Figure 8) by measuring the stability under inert and humid ambient air conditions ( Figure 8a and Figure S14, Supporting Information, respectively). [36][37][38][39][40] We therefore probed the long-term performance of 2D perovskite solar cells (Figure 8) by measuring the stability under inert and humid ambient air conditions ( Figure 8a and Figure S14, Supporting Information, respectively).…”

Section: Long-term Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular Engineering for Formamidinium‐Based Layered 2D Perovskite Solar Cells: Structural Complexity and Dynamics Revealed by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy

Milić

Kubicki

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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149

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represent a class of materials described by the general formula S 2 Y n−1 M n X 3n+1 , where S (typically C m H 2m+1 NH 3 + ) and Y (typically methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA), or their mixtures) are organic cations, M is a divalent metal cation (Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ ), and X is a halide ion (Br − , I − ). RPPs form layered structures of perovskite-like slabs separated by the organic ammonium cation spacers (S), where the value of n represents the number of layers of [MX 6 ] 4− octahedra in the stack (Figure 1a; n = 1-3). These structural features render the RPPs natural quantum wells where the number of layers in conjunction with the nature of the spacer group determines the optoelectronic properties. [1][2][3] While MA-based layered perovskite compositions have been extensively explored, [3,5,6] reports of FA-based layered perovskites remain scarce despite the better stability of the FA cation. [7][8][9] In addition, unlike their 3D analogues, layered 2D perovskites generally suffer from poor solarto-electric power conversion efficiencies, [1][2][3] particularly for the FA-based layered perovskites reported to date. Despite the ongoing effort, some of the best performing MA-based layered 2D perovskites have exceeded efficiencies of 12% with hotcasting techniques, [3] whereas the present FA-based analogues gave efficiencies around 1% for various compositions, reaching over 6% after extensive treatments. [7][8][9] This relatively poor performance of RPPs can be predominantly attributed to the inhibition of charge transport by the organic cations that act as insulating layers, since it is the inorganic domains that mainly contribute to the conductivity of the system. [1] Moreover, RPPs possess higher exciton binding energies, which result in decreased performance owing to inefficient exciton dissociation, and in turn to short-circuit photocurrent losses. [3,5] This has been counterbalanced by using additives, such as thiourea, [7][8][9] or employing hot-casting fabrication techniques, [1] with limited reproducibility as well as lack of operational stability reports.Here, we consider that these limitations on the performance of RPPs might be overcome by exploiting the potential tunability of the inherent structural properties through the design Perovskite solar cells are one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies, although their molecular level design and stability toward environmental factors remain a challenge. Layered 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite phases feature an organic spacer bilayer that enhances their environmental stability. Here, the concept of supramolecular engineering of 2D perovskite materials is demonstrated in the case of formamidinium (FA) containing A 2 FA n−1 Pb n I 3n+1 formulations by employing (adamantan-1-yl)methanammonium (A) spacers exhibiting propensity for strong Van der Waals interactions complemented by structural adaptability. The molecular design translates into desirable structural features and phases with different compositions and dimensionalities, identified uniquely ...

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Multifunctional molecular modulators for perovskite solar cells with over 20% efficiency and high operational stability

Cited by 292 publications

References 37 publications

Efficient Passivation with Lead Pyridine‐2‐Carboxylic for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Efficient Passivation with Lead Pyridine‐2‐Carboxylic for High‐Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Reducing Detrimental Defects for High‐Performance Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Supramolecular Engineering for Formamidinium‐Based Layered 2D Perovskite Solar Cells: Structural Complexity and Dynamics Revealed by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy

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