Multifunctional water and oil repellent and antimicrobial properties of finished cotton: influence of sol–gel finishing procedure

Sol-Gel Applications in Textile Finishing Processes

“…Ibahim et al enhanced both the functionality and pigment-printability of linen/cotton-blended fabric in a one-step process by the incorporation of inorganic nanomaterials such as silver (AgNPs), zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 -NPs), or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 -NPs) [ Simoncic et al compared the sol-gel application procedures as one step or two steps in terms of multifunctional water-oil-repellent and antimicrobial properties of cotton and found that one-step procedure was more effective in the production of coatings with water-and oil-repellent properties, while two-step procedure provided higher antibacterial activity, as well as better washing fastness [108].…”

Organofunctional Trialkoxysilane Sol-Gel Precursors for Chemical Modification of Textile Fibres

“…Network forming vinyl [1] methacryloxypropyl [10] glycidoxypropyl [11,12] Network modifying alkyl [11] per uoroalkyl [13] diethyl(2-ethyl)phosphonate [14] alkyldimethylammonium chloride [15] 1-(3-(1H-pyrrole-1-yl)propan-2-ol)-aminopropil [16] aminoalkyl [17] with the preparation of a homogenous sol of the precursor in a parent alcohol solvent and the conversion of silicon alkoxy groups into reactive hydroxyl groups via acid-catalysed hydrolysis using a water:Si molar ratio, R molar , of 3 [21,22]. To achieve highly e cient interfacial interactions between the silanol groups and the bre surface during the immersion (i.e., the adsorption of hydrolysed precursor molecules onto the textile bres via hydrogen bonding), the degree of hydrolysis must be maximised, and the degree of condensation of the hydrolysed species in the sol must be minimised.…”

“…In contrast to peruoroalkyltrialkoxysilanes, alkyltrialkoxysilanes cannot provide the oleophobicity of the coating [13,19,40,41]. A low surface energy alkyl-and peruoroalkyl-functionalised coating has been reported to be able to induce additional functional properties, e.g., passive antibacterial activity of the coated bres due to the lowered adhesion of bacteria [13,15,42] and improved anti-icing/de-icing properties of the coated fabric [43] (i.e., the icephobicity because of the low solid-ice adhesion and low shear strength of ice) [44]. [40] and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-per uorooctyltriethoxysilane (B) [40] e use of precursors with longer per uoroalkyl groups also has an important disadvantage.…”

“…Because the cationic alkyl ammonium group is coupled to the polysilsesquioxane coating, the coating does not release toxic compounds into the surroundings. Among QAS-functional trialkoxysilanes, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride has been primarily investigated [15,[88][89][90][91][92]. e results show that the coating created on the cellulose bres provides a durable, nonleachable, and environmentally friendly bio-barrier with excellent protection against a broad spectrum of both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria as well as against algae and fungi.…”

Fabrication of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics by a simple chemical modification

“…Different techniques for producing rough surfaces were developed by imitating nature (biomimetics); however, in textile production most of them cannot be recreated. Only the introduction of nanotechnology processes, such as electrospinning (Hutmacher and Dalton 2011), plasma treatment (Kan et al 2011;Mihailović et al 2011;Patiño et al 2011;Sun and Qiu 2012;Vasiljević et al 2013) and sol-gel technology (Mahltig 2011;Bae et al 2009;Vilčnik et al 2009;Zhu et al 2011;Zhao et al 2010;Simončič et al 2012;Shateri-Khaliladad and Yazdanshenas 2013;Berendjchi et al 2011;Chen et al 2010), have enabled breakthroughs in the creation of superhydrophobic and self-cleaning textiles. In particular, the latter are very popular because the production and application of particles and nanoparticles on a surface make it possible to easily control its roughness.…”