Functionalized carbon nanorods have attracted extensive
attention
in materials science and technology, due to their unique structure
and excellent properties. Nevertheless, it remains a huge challenge
to develop an approach that combines simple, cost-effective implementation
paths with outstanding target products. Herein, we propose a soft-template
strategy to achieve directional preparation of one-dimensional (1D)
“urechis unicinctus”-like nitrogen-doped porous carbon
nanorods with abundant nitrogen content (8.35 wt %), high surface
area (2560 m2/g), and hierarchical pore structure. The
anionic surfactant sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) and
melamine are the template agent and main carbon–nitrogen precursor,
respectively. By controlling the amount of ammonia (NH4OH), the behavior of AOT molecules in the aqueous phase can be accurately
interfered to construct rodlike micellar templates, thereby guiding
the preparation of target structural products. The rationality and
stability of the original route were verified by the rigorous control
experiments and relevant characterization. Moreover, the prepared
materials show excellent performance in the evaluation of supercapacitors
with an outstanding specific capacitance of 398 F/g at a current density
of 0.5 A/g and 73.4% of original specific capacitance retention at
a current density of 20 A/g.