Multilayered graphene used as anode of organic light emitting devices

Sun, Tao; Wang, Z. L.; Shi, Zujin; Ran, Guangzhao; Xu, Wanjin; Wang, Z. Y.; Li, Y. Z.; Dai, Lei; Qin, G. G.

doi:10.1063/1.3373855

Cited by 130 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[11][12][13][14] Other prospective applications of graphene are related to its use as a substitute for silicon, or in optoelectronics or photovoltaics, to form transparent electrodes to replace indiumdoped tin oxide. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Production of graphene is growing, thus its price is falling rapidly. Covering a copper surface with a graphene layer could protect the copper substrate against corrosion, and help to control the growth kinetics of the IMC layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Layers on Phenomena Occurring at Interface of Sn-Zn-Cu Solder and Cu Substrate

Pstruś

Ozga

Gancarz

et al. 2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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Cu and graphene-coated Cu substrates spread with Sn-Zn eutectic-based alloy containing 0.5 wt.%, 1 wt.%, or 1.5 wt.% Cu have been studied at 250°C. Soldering experiments were performed for wetting time of 3 min, 8 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min in (1) presence of flux without argon protective atmosphere and (2) fluxless in argon atmosphere. Solidified solder-pad couples were cross-sectioned and examined using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy to study their interfacial microstructure. To assess the effect of graphene coating on solder, Cu pads were covered by graphene using chemical vapor deposition. The results revealed that the liquid solder did not wet the graphene-coated copper in the absence of flux. Wetting took place only with use of flux, because it destroyed the graphene layer and enabled contact of the liquid solder with the copper. Experiments were designed to demonstrate the effect of Cu addition and graphene coating on the kinetics of the formation and growth of Cu 5 Zn 8 and CuZn 4 phases identified by x-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. A decrease of about 60% in the thickness of the intermetallic layer was observed when applying the graphene interlayer in presence of flux. Addition of copper to the Sn-Zn alloy improved the wettability as the copper content was increased.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Layers on Phenomena Occurring at Interface of Sn-Zn-Cu Solder and Cu Substrate

Pstruś

Ozga

Gancarz

et al. 2017

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…The bending radius of graphene can be as small as a millimetre 22 , which is the smallest among all flexible transparent conductors. These attractive features have been explored by the experimental studies of using graphene electrodes in a wide range of devices including field-effect transistors 23 , touch screens 24 , liquid crystal displays 25 , solar cells 26 and OLEDs [27][28][29] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and bright organic light-emitting diodes on single-layer graphene electrodes

et al. 2013

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Organic light-emitting diodes are emerging as leading technologies for both high quality display and lighting. However, the transparent conductive electrode used in the current organic light-emitting diode technologies increases the overall cost and has limited bendability for future flexible applications. Here we use single-layer graphene as an alternative flexible transparent conductor, yielding white organic light-emitting diodes with brightness and efficiency sufficient for general lighting. The performance improvement is attributed to the device structure, which allows direct hole injection from the single-layer graphene anode into the light-emitting layers, reducing carrier trapping induced efficiency roll-off. By employing a light out-coupling structure, phosphorescent green organic light-emitting diodes exhibit external quantum efficiency 460%, while phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes exhibit external quantum efficiency 445% at 10,000 cd m À 2 with colour rendering index of 85. The power efficiency of white organic light-emitting diodes reaches 80 lm W À 1 at 3,000 cd m À 2 , comparable to the most efficient lighting technologies.

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“…2(a) and 2(b). 21,22 As expected, the Fermi level of the graphene is 0.4 eV higher than the highest-occupied-molecular-orbital (HOMO) level of the NPB, as shown in Fig. 2(b).…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 59%

Effect of charge-transfer complex on the energy level alignment between graphene and organic molecules

Bae

Jung

Park

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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We performed density-functional theory calculations to study the electronic structures at the interfaces between graphene and organic molecules that have been used in organic light-emitting diodes. In terms of work function, graphene itself is not favorable as either anode or cathode for commonly used electron or hole transport molecular species. However, the formation of charge transfer complex on the chemically inert sp2 carbon surface can provide a particular advantage. Unlike metal surfaces, the graphene surface remains non-bonded to electron-accepting molecules even after electron transfer, inducing an improved Fermi-level alignment with the highest-occupied-molecular-orbital level of the hole-injecting-layer molecules.

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Multilayered graphene used as anode of organic light emitting devices

Cited by 130 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Graphene Layers on Phenomena Occurring at Interface of Sn-Zn-Cu Solder and Cu Substrate

Effect of Graphene Layers on Phenomena Occurring at Interface of Sn-Zn-Cu Solder and Cu Substrate

Efficient and bright organic light-emitting diodes on single-layer graphene electrodes

Effect of charge-transfer complex on the energy level alignment between graphene and organic molecules

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