Multilevel Runtime Security and Safety Monitoring for Cyber Physical Systems Using Model-Based Engineering

Gautham, Smitha; Jayakumar, Athira Varma; Elks, Carl

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55583-2_14

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ten out of those studies 74–83 were discussing architecture modeling. Twenty‐four studies 84–107 were discussing architecture analysis. Fourteen studies 77,108–120 were discussing how to make architectural design of systems both safe and secure through modeling and analysis.…”

Section: Mapping Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model‐driven engineering of safety and security software systems: A systematic mapping study and future research directions

Mashkoor

Egyed

Wille

et al. 2022

J Software Evolu Process

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This article presents a systematic mapping study on the model-driven engineering of safety and security concerns in software systems. Combined modeling and development of both safety and security concerns is an emerging field of research as both concerns affect one another in unique ways. Our mapping study provides an overview of the current state of the art in this field. This study carefully selected 143 publications out of 27,259 relevant papers through a rigorous and systematic process. This study then proposes and answers questions such as frequently used methods and tools and development stages where these concerns are typically investigated in application domains. Additionally, we identify the community's preference for publication venues and trends. The discussion on obtained results also features the gained insights and future research directions.

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Section: Mapping Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of Simulink—a graphical programming environment for modeling, simulating, and analyzing multidomain dynamical systems—has been found in three studies 57,103,126 . Following are the methods whose use has been found in two studies apiece.…”

Section: Mapping Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model‐driven engineering of safety and security software systems: A systematic mapping study and future research directions

Mashkoor

Egyed

Wille

et al. 2022

J Software Evolu Process

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show abstract

“…Multi-level monitoring extends traditional runtime verification or monitoring by providing a monitor classification or organization schema that maps monitor types to various functions or components in distributed real-time architectures [10]. In this work, we augment a multi-level monitoring framework [9] as it directly addresses monitoring CPS from multiple layer perspectives. A monitor M a observes streams of time stamped information from a target CPS.…”

Section: Multilevel Runtime Monitoring Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Design-time safety measures that use STPA and model-based system engineering similar to our autonomous emergency braking (AEB) case study could incorporate our methods for runtime assurance [6]. Attacks occur in hardware, communication, and processing levels within complex systems [4], and using monitors at multiple system levels can increase causal factor awareness [5,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STPA-driven Multilevel Runtime Monitoring for In-time Hazard Detection

Gautham¹,

Bakirtzis²,

Will³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Runtime verification or runtime monitoring equips safetycritical cyber-physical systems to augment design assurance measures and ensure operational safety and security. Cyber-physical systems have interaction failures, attack surfaces, and attack vectors resulting in unanticipated hazards and loss scenarios. These interaction failures pose challenges to runtime verification regarding monitoring specifications and monitoring placements for in-time detection of hazards. We develop a well-formed workflow model that connects system theoretic process analysis, commonly referred to as STPA, hazard causation information to lower-level runtime monitoring to detect hazards at the operational phase. Specifically, our model follows the DepDevOps paradigm to provide evidence and insights to runtime monitoring on what to monitor, where to monitor, and the monitoring context. We demonstrate and evaluate the value of multilevel monitors by injecting hazards on an autonomous emergency braking system model.

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“…Run-time Monitoring and Anomaly Detection in CPS: Recent works on run-time safety monitoring in CPS focus on control invariant methods [86], dynamic invariant detection [20], application-dependent multi-level monitoring [87], unsupervised anomaly detection from streaming data [88], [89], and run-time safety guards that satisfy a predefined set of safety properties [90], [91].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-driven Design of Context-aware Monitors for Hazard Prediction in Artificial Pancreas Systems

Xugui¹,

Ahmed²,

Aylor³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Medical Cyber-physical Systems (MCPS) are vulnerable to accidental or malicious faults that can target their controllers and cause safety hazards and harm to patients. This paper proposes a combined model and data-driven approach for designing context-aware monitors that can detect early signs of hazards and mitigate them in MCPS. We present a framework for formal specification of unsafe system context using Signal Temporal Logic (STL) combined with an optimization method for patient-specific refinement of STL formulas based on real or simulated faulty data from the closed-loop system for the generation of monitor logic. We evaluate our approach in simulation using two state-of-the-art closed-loop Artificial Pancreas Systems (APS). The results show the context-aware monitor achieves up to 1.4 times increase in average hazard prediction accuracy (F1score) over several baseline monitors, reduces false-positive and false-negative rates, and enables hazard mitigation with a 54% success rate while decreasing the average risk for patients.

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Multilevel Runtime Security and Safety Monitoring for Cyber Physical Systems Using Model-Based Engineering

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Model‐driven engineering of safety and security software systems: A systematic mapping study and future research directions

Model‐driven engineering of safety and security software systems: A systematic mapping study and future research directions

STPA-driven Multilevel Runtime Monitoring for In-time Hazard Detection

Data-driven Design of Context-aware Monitors for Hazard Prediction in Artificial Pancreas Systems

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