“…In the nineties, ASR systems developed originally for one language had been successfully ported to other languages, including systems developed by IBM (Cohen et al, 1997), Dragon (Barnett et al, 1996), BBN (Billa et al, 1997), Cambridge (Young et al, 1997), Philips (Dugast et al, 1995), MIT (Glass et al, 1995), and LIMSI (Lamel et al, 1995). The transformation of English systems to such diverse languages like German, Japanese, French, and Mandarin Chinese illustrated that speech technology generalizes across languages and that similar modeling assumptions hold for various languages.…”