Multilocus sequence typing and virulence genotyping of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 isolates revealed high genetic and virulence diversity

Wang, Dong; Zhu, Yinchu; Ma, Ye; Ma, Jiale; Zhang, Yue; Yuan, Lvfeng; Pan, Zihao; Wu, Zongfu; Yao, Huochun

doi:10.1093/femsle/fnx192

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It is important to note that this serotype is not considered highly prevalent in diseased pigs in this country [ 12 ]. Interestingly, similar high heterogeneity has been recently reported for serotype 9 strains isolated in Asia, where most strains belong to STs not previously described and also different from those herein observed [ 22 ]. Similar to Spanish and Canadian strains analyzed in the present study, no CC16 strain (with a higher zoonotic potential) was detected among Chinese strains [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In addition, different virulence factors have been proposed for this serotype and some of these are exclusively present among strains of a given geographical area [ 19 ]. On the other hand, few data are available for serotype 9 strains, despite the growing importance of this serotype as a swine pathogen; in fact, only a few studies have reported that not all serotype 9 strains have the same virulence potential [ 20 – 22 ], although it is generally accepted that strains of this serotype are less virulent than those of serotype 2 after experimental intranasal infections [ 21 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada

Zheng¹,

Du²,

Qiu³

et al. 2018

Vet Res

101

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Streptococcus suis is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in the porcine industry and also a zoonotic agent. Serotype 9 is becoming one of the most prevalent serotypes within the S. suis population in certain European countries. In the present study, serotype 9 strains isolated from a country where infection due to this serotype is endemic (Spain), were compared to those recovered from Canada, where this serotype is rarely isolated from diseased pigs. For comparison purposes, strains from Brazil and the only strain isolated from a human case, in Thailand, were also incorporated. Firstly, sequence types (STs) were obtained followed by detection of putative virulence factors. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using the non-recombinant single nucleotide polymorphisms from core genomes of tested strains. Most Spanish strains were either ST123 or ST125, whereas Canadian strains were highly heterogeneous. However, the distribution of putative virulence factors was similar in both groups of strains. The fact that ST16 strains harbored more putative virulence genes and shared greater similarity with the genome of human serotype 2 strains suggests that they present a higher zoonotic and virulence potential than those from Canada and Spain. More than 80% of the strains included in this study carried genes associated with resistance to tetracycline, lincosamides and macrolides. Serotype 9 strains may be nearly 400 years old and have evolved in parallel into 2 lineages. The rapid population expansion of dominant lineage 1 occurred within the last 40 years probably due to the rapid development of the porcine industry.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-017-0498-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada

Zheng¹,

Du²,

Qiu³

et al. 2018

Vet Res

101

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“…Furthermore, it was notable that all isolates belonging to cps 9 were rather heterogenic harboring five different STs, although one abundant ST (ST1105, n = 8/14) seemed to be predominant among the identified samples. The genetic diversity of cps 9 isolates in China and Canada showed a high variety among examined isolates [ 47 , 48 ], which is comparable to the observed genetic diversity of inspected Swiss isolates. Interestingly, the aforementioned clone comprising ST1105 reoccurred within six different years (Figure 2 ) emphasizing its importance among the pig population in Switzerland and its ability to induce infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Scherrer

Rosato

Serrano

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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Streptococcus (S.) suis is a globally important swine pathogen, which comprises certain zoonotic serotypes. In this study, a detailed characterization of 88 porcine S. suis isolates was performed by analyzing capsular (cps) types, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and investigation of the minimum core genome (MCG). In order to focus on the virulence potential of presumable invasive disease-associated S. suis isolates, virulence-associated gene profiles were assessed followed by screening a chosen subset of S. suis strains with a molecular pathotyping tool. Results showed a high genetic variability within this strain collection. In total, seventeen cps types were identified with a predominance of cps type 9 (15.9%) and 6 (14.8%). MLST revealed 48 sequence types (STs) including 41 novel ones. The population structure of S. suis was heterogenous and isolates belonged to eight different clonal complexes (CCs) including CC28 (9.1%), CC1109 (8%), CC13/149 (6.8%), CC1237 (5.7%), CC1 (3.4%), CC17 (3.4%), CC87 (2.3%), and CC1112 (1.1%), whereas a significant portion of isolates (60.2%) could not be assigned to any described CCs. Virulence-associated markers, namely extracellular protein factor (epf), muramidase-released protein (mrp), and suilysin (sly), showed a link with STs rather than with cps types. With this study an expanded knowledge about the population structure and the genetic diversity of S. suis could be achieved, which helps to contribute to an optimal public health surveillance system by promoting a focus on strains with an increased virulence and zoonotic potential.

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“…We found that virulence genotypes of these isolates were not in accordance with their virulence phenotypes, which was also observed in serotype 9 strains in our previous study (Dong et al., ). Genes sly and mrp were only detected in NCL25 strain WUSS328.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…Although 11 of 13 virulence genes were detected in strain WUSS328, its virulence is lower than that of NCL26 strain NJ1112 in both zebrafish and mouse infection models. Similarly, serotype 9 strains NJ-4 and GD06896 without epf, sly and mrp genes even showed a higher level of virulence compared with serotype 2 virulent strain P1/7 in a mouse infection model (Dong et al, 2017). One possible reason is that most virulence studies of S. suis were conducted in serotype 2, so it may not be suitable to use these genes as genotypic markers for predicting virulence of non-serotype 2 strains (Dong et al, 2017).…”

Section: Multiplex Pcr Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of six novel capsular polysaccharide loci ( NCL ) from Streptococcus suis multidrug resistant non‐typeable strains and the pathogenic characteristic of strains carrying new NCL s

Huang

Chen

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen and an important zoonotic agent worldwide. At least nine serotypes can infect human so far. Although 29 serotypes (1–19, 21, 23–25, 27–31 and 1/2) strains are considered as authentic S. suis, a novel variant serotype Chz and strains carrying 20 novel capsular polysaccharide loci (NCL) have been identified recently. However, information about pathogenic and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of strains carrying NCLs is still unavailable. In this study, we identified six new NCLs (designated as NCL21‐26) from 35 non‐typeable S. suis strains by agglutination tests and whole genome sequencing analysis. Further analysis of the genetic context of NCL25 and NCL26 showed a mosaic structure of the capsular polysaccharide loci. NCL25 exhibited considerable similarity to that of serotypes 10 and 11, and NCL26 shared similarity to that of serotype 9 and NCL4. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated that strains carrying NCL21‐26 were all resistant to clindamycin, lincomycin, erythromycin, tilmicosin and tetracycline. Animal infection experiments showed that the virulence of NCL26 strain NJ1112 isolated from a disease pig was similar to that of S. suis serotype 2 virulent strain SC070731 in both zebrafish and mouse infection models, highlighting the necessity for surveillance of strains belonging to NCL26. We also developed a multiplex PCR assay to detect NCL21‐26 strains. Our findings expand the views of genetic diversity of S. suis capsular polysaccharide loci and S. suis pathogenic characteristic.

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Multilocus sequence typing and virulence genotyping of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 isolates revealed high genetic and virulence diversity

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada

Genomic comparisons of Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strains recovered from diseased pigs in Spain and Canada

Population structure, genetic diversity and pathotypes of Streptococcus suis isolated during the last 13 years from diseased pigs in Switzerland

Identification of six novel capsular polysaccharide loci ( NCL ) from Streptococcus suis multidrug resistant non‐typeable strains and the pathogenic characteristic of strains carrying new NCL s

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