Multimodal Optical Diagnostics of the Microhaemodynamics in Upper and Lower Limbs

Abstract

The introduction of optical non-invasive diagnostic methods into clinical practice can substantially advance in the detection of early microcirculatory disorders in patients with different diseases. This paper is devoted to the development and application of the optical non-invasive diagnostic approach for the detection and evaluation of the severity of microcirculatory and metabolic disorders in rheumatic diseases and diabetes mellitus. The proposed methods include the joint use of laser Doppler flowmetry, absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with functional tests. This technique showed the high diagnostic importance for the detection of disturbances in peripheral microhaemodynamics. These methods have been successfully tested as additional diagnostic techniques in the field of rheumatology and endocrinology. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed diagnostic procedures have been evaluated.

Wearable laser Doppler flowmetry for the analysis of microcirculatory changes during intravenous infusion in patients with diabetes mellitus

“…LDF is used for functional diagnostics of the blood microcirculation system, including diagnostics of socially significant diseases associated with the cardiovascular system. 11 In addition, this method allows one to evaluate oscillatory processes in the microcirculatory bed using data processing by the means of the Morlet wavelet. There are several frequency ranges that characterize the contribution of various factors to the LDF signal: endothelial (0.0095-0.021 Hz), neurogenic (0.021-0.052 Hz), myogenic (0.052-0.145 Hz), respiratory (0.145-0.6 Hz), and cardiac (0.6-2 Hz).…”

“…There are several frequency ranges that characterize the contribution of various factors to the LDF signal: endothelial (0.0095-0.021 Hz), neurogenic (0.021-0.052 Hz), myogenic (0.052-0.145 Hz), respiratory (0.145-0.6 Hz), and cardiac (0.6-2 Hz). 12 Analysis of skin blood flow fluctuations significantly aids understanding the physiological characteristics of the cardiovascular system, 13 and allows one to track pathological changes in various diseases, in particular in rheumatic diseases 11 and diabetes. 14,15 The research was carried out according to the following scheme shown in the figure 1.…”

Biophotonics methods for functional monitoring of complications of diabetes mellitus

“…The gradual decrease in the average lifetime parameters of the first and second decay components with the increase of the AGEs has been demonstrated by the incubation of the collagen gel and dentin in ribose [39]. Remarkably, no significant differences in lifetime parameters were found in measurements on skin of diabetic patients and healthy volunteers [153], whereas an increase in cutaneous fluorescence is indicative of the development of diabetic ulcers [108, 156].…”

Spatially-Resolved Multiply-Excited Autofluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: SpectroLive Medical Device for Skin In Vivo Optical Biopsy

“…Optical spectroscopy has been thoroughly studied over the past years to characterize its diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing microcirculation disorders [19] or cancer on a wide variety of organs such as liver [20,21], breast [13], colon [9,22], skin [3,23,24], cervix [25,26], esophagus [27] or bronchi [28]. Those research teams decided either to use off-the shelf devices, or to develop their own devices.…”