Multiorgan failure following gastroenteritis: a case report

Zylva, Joseph De; Padley, James R.; Badbess, Rassam; Dedigama, Maneesha

doi:10.1186/s13256-020-02402-z

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…CT of the abdomen using intravenous contrast is the best modality to diagnose pylephlebitis [ 111 ]. In some cases, thrombosis is not initially evident, and repeat imaging might visualize the thrombus after 48 h [ 25 ] or sometimes even two weeks following the development of symptoms [ 65 ]. The previous review found that CT was utilized in 51% of patients, while our review found that CT was utilized in 89.3% [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Articles published in languages other than English; cases where clinical, microbiological, or radiological studies did not support the diagnosis; case reports not providing an adequate amount of information, as well as those reporting non-human subjects were excluded from the analyses. The final number of articles included was 101, which resulted in total number of 103 patients [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppurative Thrombosis of the Portal Vein (Pylephlebits): A Systematic Review of Literature

Jevtic

Gavrancic

Pantic³

et al. 2022

JCM

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Suppurative portal vein thrombosis (pylephlebitis) is an uncommon condition usually associated with an intra-abdominal infection or inflammatory process. In this study, we aimed to synthesize data on previously published cases according to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 103 patients were included. Patients were more commonly male (71.8%) and had a mean age of 49 years. The most common infection associated with pylephlebitis was diverticulitis (n = 29, 28.2%), and Escherichia coli was the most isolated pathogen (n = 21, 20.4%). Blood cultures were positive in 64 cases (62.1%). The most common site of thrombosis was the main portal vein (PV) in 59 patients (57.3%), followed by the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) in 40 patients (38.8%) and the right branch of the PV in 30 patients (29.1%). Sepsis developed in 60 patients (58.3%). The mortality rate in our review was 8.7%, and independent risk factors for mortality were the presence of pertinent comorbidities (OR 5.5, p = 0.02), positive blood cultures (OR 2.2, p = 0.02), and sepsis (OR 17.2, p = 0.049).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppurative Thrombosis of the Portal Vein (Pylephlebits): A Systematic Review of Literature

Jevtic

Gavrancic

Pantic³

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Other cases reported E. avium as the causative agent in infections such as endocarditis, splenic and pancreatic abscess, osteomyelitis, bacteremia with a gastrointestinal starting point and even rare entities such as non-clostridial gas gangrene. All these findings presented an extraordinary heterogenicity concerning the infections caused by E. avium [46][47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Enterococcus Aviummentioning

confidence: 93%

Enterococcus raffinosus, Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus avium Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Romania—Retrospective Study and Brief Review

Țoc

Pandrea

Botan

et al. 2022

Biology

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(1) Background: This paper aims to provide a description of non-faecalis non-faecium enterococci isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Romania and to briefly review the existing literature regarding the involvement of Enterococcus raffinosus, Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus avium in human infections and their antimicrobial resistance patterns; (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all Enteroccocus species isolated from the “Prof. Dr. O. Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Cluj-Napoca during one year focusing on non-faecalis non-faecium Enterococci. A brief review of the literature was performed using case reports involving Enterococcus raffinosus, Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus avium; (3) Results: Only 58 out of 658 Enteroccocus isolates were non-faecalis non-faecium and met the inclusion criteria. These species were isolated more often (p < 0.05) from the surgical ward from mixed etiology infections with E. coli. In our review, we included 39 case reports involving E. raffinosus, E. durans and E. avium; (4) Conclusions: Isolation of non-faecalis non-faecium enterococci displays an emerging trend with crucial healthcare consequences. Based on the analysis of the case reports, E. avium seems to be involved more often in neurological infections, E. durans in endocarditis, while E. raffinosus displays a more heterogenous distribution.

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“…Intravascular air can be visualized in the portal system of 18% of patients [207], and its detection may precede thrombus formation. In some cases, thrombosis may not initially be evident and may result in repeated imaging from 48 hours [138] to two weeks [170] after symptoms onset.…”

Section: Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pylephlebitis: A Systematic Review on Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infective Portal Vein Thrombosis

et al. 2023

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Pylephlebitis, defined as infective thrombophlebitis of the portal vein, is a rare condition with an incidence of 0.37–2.7 cases per 100,000 person-years, which can virtually complicate any intra-abdominal or pelvic infections that develop within areas drained by the portal venous circulation. The current systematic review aimed to investigate the etiology behind pylephlebitis in terms of pathogens involved and causative infective processes, and to report the most common symptoms at clinical presentation. We included 220 individuals derived from published cases between 1971 and 2022. Of these, 155 (70.5%) were male with a median age of 50 years. There were 27 (12.3%) patients under 18 years of age, 6 (2.7%) individuals younger than one year, and the youngest reported case was only 20 days old. The most frequently reported symptoms on admission were fever (75.5%) and abdominal pain (66.4%), with diverticulitis (26.5%) and acute appendicitis (22%) being the two most common causes. Pylephlebitis was caused by a single pathogen in 94 (42.8%) cases and polymicrobial in 60 (27.2%) cases. However, the responsible pathogen was not identified or not reported in 30% of the included patients. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (25%), Bacteroides spp. (17%), and Streptococcus spp. (15%). The treatment of pylephlebitis consists initially of broad-spectrum antibiotics that should be tailored upon bacterial identification and continued for at least four to six weeks after symptom presentation. There is no recommendation for prescribing anticoagulants to all patients with pylephlebitis. However, they should be administered in patients with thrombosis progression on repeat imaging or persistent fever despite proper antibiotic therapy to increase the rates of thrombus resolution or decrease the overall mortality, which is approximately 14%.

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Multiorgan failure following gastroenteritis: a case report

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Suppurative Thrombosis of the Portal Vein (Pylephlebits): A Systematic Review of Literature

Suppurative Thrombosis of the Portal Vein (Pylephlebits): A Systematic Review of Literature

Enterococcus raffinosus, Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus avium Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Romania—Retrospective Study and Brief Review

Pylephlebitis: A Systematic Review on Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infective Portal Vein Thrombosis

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