Multiphase interleaved converter for lithium battery active balancing

Mestrallet, Fabien; Kerachev, Lyubomir; Crébier, Jean-Christophe; Collet, Alexandre

doi:10.1109/apec.2012.6165846

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For the Li-ion battery cell, the voltage limits for the charging and discharging are 3.6~4.2 V and 2.2~2.5 V, respectively. The Li-ion battery will become combustible if it is over-charged, and short circuit conditions or even explosion may occur when it is over-discharged since the metallic copper is generated inside the battery [1]- [8], [11]- [13], [15], [16], [18]- [23], [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Charge Equalizer With a Combination of APWM and PFM Control Based on a Modified Half-Bridge Converter

Hua

Fang

2016

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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A charge equalizer with a combination of asymmetrical pulse-width-modulation (APWM) and pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) control based on a modified half-bridge converter for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed in this paper. The reliability of the charge equalizer can be improved because the split capacitors are not required and the soft-switching of power switches can be achieved by the proposed control. In addition, with the proposed rectification, the number of bridge-rectifiers at the secondary-side of the transformer can be reduced by half, which also cuts the cost and conduction loss by half. The circuit topology, operation analysis and control strategy of the proposed charge equalizer are described in detail. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed charge equalizer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the LiFePO 4 battery is suitable for the EV's applications that need high-safety. To avoid over-charging or over-discharging phenomenons, the charging equalization control for Li-ion batteries needs to be implemented for the battery system [2]- [7], [9], [10], [12]- [14], [16], [18], [19], [23], [26]- [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Charge Equalizer With a Combination of APWM and PFM Control Based on a Modified Half-Bridge Converter

Hua

Fang

2016

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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“…Although the switch count can be reduced to one or two, the strict parameter-matching requirement for multiple secondary windings is considered a design hurdle and impairs the modularity (or extendibility) [27], [28]. Many other equalization topologies using multiple converters [29], [30], multiphase converters [31], transformers [32]- [34] and multi-winding transformers [35], etc. [27], [28] have been proposed, but still face common issues of the increased switch count and/or the existence of a multi-winding transformer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional PWM Converter Integrating Cell Voltage Equalizer Using Series-Resonant Voltage Multiplier for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

Uno

Kukita

2015

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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Abstract-In conventional energy storage systems using series-connected energy storage cells such as lithium-ion battery cells and supercapacitors (SCs), an interface bidirectional converter and cell voltage equalizer are separately required to manage charging/discharging and ensure years of safe operation. In this paper, a bidirectional PWM converter integrating cell voltage equalizer is proposed. This proposed integrated converter can be derived by combining a traditional bidirectional PWM converter and series-resonant voltage multiplier (SRVM) that functionally operates as an equalizer and is driven by asymmetric square wave voltage generated at the switching node of the converter. The converter and equalizer can be integrated into a single unit without increasing the switch count, achieving not only system-level but also circuit-level simplifications. Open-loop control is feasible for the SRVM when operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), meaning the proposed integrated converter can operate similarly to conventional bidirectional converters. An experimental charge-discharge cycling test for six SCs connected in series was performed using the proposed integrated converter. The cell voltage imbalance was gradually eliminated by the SRVM while series-connected SCs were cycled by the bidirectional converter. All the cell voltages were eventually unified, demonstrating the integrated functions of the proposed converter.

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“…According to the energy flow, they can be classified into five groups: adjacent cell-tocell methods (ACTCMs) [5], [7]- [9], direct cell-to-cell methods (DCTCMs) [4], [10], cell-to-pack methods (CTPMs) [11]- [12], pack-to-cell methods (PTCMs) [13]- [14], and any cell(s) to any cell(s) methods (ACTACMs) [15]. For the ACTCMs and DCTCMs, due to the small voltage difference between cells and the voltage drop across the power devices, the balancing current is very small (only about C/100-C/50) [5], resulting in a long equalization time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A crossed pack-to-cell equalizer based on quasi-resonant LC converter with adaptive fuzzy logic equalization control for series-connected lithium-ion battery strings

Shang

Cui

Guerrero

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

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The equalization speed, efficiency, and control are the key issues of battery equalization. This paper proposes a crossed pack-to-cell equalizer based on quasi-resonant LC converter (QRLCC). The battery string is divided into M modules, and each module consists of N series-connected cells. The energy can be transferred directly from a battery module to the lowest voltage cell (LVC) in the next adjacent module, which results in an enhancement of equalization efficiency and current. The QRLCC is employed to gain zero-current switching (ZCS), leading to a reduction of power losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Furthermore, an adaptive fuzzy logic control (AFLC) algorithm is employed to online regulate the equalization period according to the voltage difference between cells and the cell voltage, not only greatly abbreviating the balancing time but also effectively preventing over-equalization. A prototype with eight lithiumion battery cells is implemented. Experimental results show the proposed scheme exhibits outstanding balancing performance, and the equalization efficiency is higher than 98%. The proposed AFLC algorithm abridges the total equalization time about 47%, and reduces the switching cycle about 62% compared with the traditional fuzzy logic control (FLC) algorithm.

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Multiphase interleaved converter for lithium battery active balancing

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

A Charge Equalizer With a Combination of APWM and PFM Control Based on a Modified Half-Bridge Converter

A Charge Equalizer With a Combination of APWM and PFM Control Based on a Modified Half-Bridge Converter

Bidirectional PWM Converter Integrating Cell Voltage Equalizer Using Series-Resonant Voltage Multiplier for Series-Connected Energy Storage Cells

A crossed pack-to-cell equalizer based on quasi-resonant LC converter with adaptive fuzzy logic equalization control for series-connected lithium-ion battery strings

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