Multiple-Biomarker Approach in a Commercial Marine Scallop from San Jose gulf (Patagonia, Argentina) for Health Status Assessment

Abstract

The health status of the commercial Tehuelche scallop Aequipecten tehuelchus from San Román and El Riacho in San José gulf (Patagonia, Argentina) was evaluated through biomarkers widely used in ecotoxicological applications. Natural levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) were measured to determine their potential relationships with fluctuations of several oxidative stress biomarkers in the scallop. Oxidative biomarkers, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), metallothioneins (MT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), α-tocopherol (α-T), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and lipid radical (LR • ), were measured in gills, digestive gland, and muscle of Tehuelche scallop in winter (August 2015) and summer (January 2016). Levels of As and Cd and of most of the biomarkers (SOD, ROS, TBARS, and LR • ) showed strong seasonal variability in the three tissues. In general, the highest values were recorded in digestive gland. The Integrated Biomarker Response index indicated that the most stressed condition of A. tehuelchus was in summer in San Román. Additionally, the Integrated Biomarker Response index showed a strong relationship among tissues and As and Cd accumulation. This kind of approach could be used as an integrated tool to identify the health status of scallop A. tehuelchus from San José gulf.

Trace Metal Residues in Marine Mussels: A Global Survey

“…The medium‐impact samples were mostly characterized by higher concentrations of Cu and Ag, whereas Cd tended to be higher in low‐impact samples (Figure 2C and D). In support of this conclusion, the Argentinian site, classified as low impact, has been monitored for several years by the “Program for monitoring the environmental quality of production areas in the province of Rio Negro,” and has reported natural Cd as the only metal present at high levels (Sturla Lompré et al, 2020).…”

Short-Term Biochemical Biomarkers of Stress in the Oyster Magallana angulata Exposed to Gymnodinium catenatum and Skeletonema marinoi

“…Different tissues of the oyster M. angulata showed different ranges of variation for the tested biomarkers, with the digestive gland presenting the lowest enzyme activities and total Ubi concentrations. Both gills and digestive glands are usually exposed to both water-borne and food-web xenobiotics due to their role in bivalve feeding processes [46,47].…”

“…The digestive gland has often been identified as the tissue with higher CAT and GST [46,48], since it is largely exposed to contaminants present in the environment and collected with food. Moreover, the digestive gland has also been identified as a tissue in which detoxification is faster, with several biomarkers involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics (e.g., CAT and GST) [46,48].…”

“…The digestive gland has often been identified as the tissue with higher CAT and GST [46,48], since it is largely exposed to contaminants present in the environment and collected with food. Moreover, the digestive gland has also been identified as a tissue in which detoxification is faster, with several biomarkers involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics (e.g., CAT and GST) [46,48]. This was also the tissue with the greatest variation between the control and the two treatments tested in this work, with both treatments (S. marinoi and G. catenatum) presenting lower biomarker levels.…”

A global record of particulated metals on the southwestern Atlantic shelf (Argentine Sea)

“…In this sense, across a large extension of coastal areas of the Argentine Sea, many authors have reported the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine invertebrates (Severini et al 2009(Severini et al , 2013Giarratano et al 2010Giarratano et al , 2011Bertrand et al 2016;Buzzi et al 2017;Marinho et al 2018;Villagran et al 2019;) and marine fish (Authman et al 2015;La Colla et al 2017. Also, worldwide information has addressed adverse effects of metals in marine animals, such as erratic swimming of fishes (Bhat and Vamsee 1993), hyperglycemic stress (Lorenzon et al 2000), induction of oxidative stress and oxidative damage (Kim et al 2014;Lompré et al 2019) and inhibition of reproduction (Yi et al 2019).…”