Multiple Comparison Procedures: The Practical Solution

Saville, David J.

doi:10.2307/2684163

Cited by 314 publications

(273 citation statements)

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“…Subsequently, the appropriate data analyses were done using general linear models (GLM) and standard analysis of variance (ANOVA) in JMP™ v2.01 software for Macintosh® (SAS Institute, 1990). When significant (P < 0.05) differences were detected, multiple comparisons of means were analysed using the least significant difference (LSD) procedure (Sokal and Rohlf, 1969;Saville, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and rate of within-field dispersal and bionomics of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Aphididae), on selected cowpea cultivars

Annan

Schaefers

Tingey

et al. 1999

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Abstract-Comparative field studies were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons at the Mbita Point Field Station of ICIPE in southwestern Kenya, to investigate the pattern and rate of dispersal of Aphis craccivora on aphid-resistant (ICV-12) and aphid-susceptible (ICV-1) cowpea cultivars in relation to key weather factors. The effects of the dispersal trends on crop performance and aphid population dynamics were analysed. Treatments consisted of initial aphid releases at the north, south, west, east and centre of test plots and uninfested controls maintained on plants for 22 days. Parameters recorded included: pattern (direction of spread of aphids) and rate (number of aphidinfested plants at a given time) in test plots; crop growth and yields and associated factors such as incidence of sooty mould and plant mortality, and aphid density and associated factors, including the incidence of natural enemy species, particularly coccinellids. Dispersal was fastest when releases were made in the west, north and centre of plots, and resulted in adverse effects on ICV-1 growth and yields. Infestations of ICV-12 did not significantly affect crop performance. There was an apparent direct, positive relationship between wind direction and pattern of spread of aphid infestations, but this pattern was more apparent during the rainy season, when wind speeds were higher, than during the dry season. The incidence of natural enemy species correlated with the spread of aphid infestations, while the abundance of coccinellids correlated with aphid density.Key Words: Aphis craccivora, wind direction, within-field dispersal, phenology, cowpea, Vigna unguicidata, aphid natural enemies, bionomics, KenyaResume-Des essais comparatifs en champs on ete conduits en saison seche et en saison pluvieuse a la Station Experimentale de 1' ICIPE, a Mbita-Point (Sud-Ouest du Kenya). Ceux-ci avaient pour objet d'etudier, en fonction des facteurs climatiques principaux, le mode de repartition et les taux de dispersion du puceron Aphis craccivora chez cultivars de niebe, dont le premier (ICV-12) resistant et le second (ICV-1) sensible. Les effets du mode de dispersion sur la performance de la culture et la dynamique de populations du puceron etaient analyses. Les traitements consistaient en lachers initiaux de pucerons dans les points cardinaux (nord, sud, ouest, est, centre) des parcelles Les parametres etudies etaient la direction de dispersion du puceron et le taux d'infestation des plantes, a l'interieur des parcelles sous essais et a un temps donne; la croissance des plantes et les rendements. En plus de ces parametres, etaient etudies des facteurs associes comme 1' incidence de miellat et la deperissement de la plante; la densite du puceron et les facteurs associes dont: l'incidence des ennemis naturels et plus particulierement les coccinelles. La dispersion des pucerons etait plus rapide quand les lachers etaient effectues dans les parties ouest, nord ou centre des parcelles. De tels lachers avaient des effets nefastes sur la croissance et les ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and rate of within-field dispersal and bionomics of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Aphididae), on selected cowpea cultivars

Annan

Schaefers

Tingey

et al. 1999

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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“…Data are reported as mean Ϯ S.E. Statistical significance (p Ͻ 0.05) was assessed by one-way analysis of variance followed by multiple comparison using Student's t tests with no corrections (25,26).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Piezo2 Mechanotransduction by Static Plasma Membrane Tension in Primary Afferent Neurons

Jia

Ikeda

Ling

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The Piezo2 channel is a newly identified mammalian mechanical transducer that confers rapidly adapting mechanically activated (RA-MA) currents in primary afferent neurons. The Piezo2 channels sense rapid membrane displacement, but it is not clear whether they are sensitive to osmotic swelling, which slowly increases static plasma membrane tension (SPMT). Here, we show that SPMT exerts a profound impact on the mechanical sensitivity of RA-MA channels in primary afferent neurons. RA-MA currents are greatly enhanced, and the mechanical threshold was reduced in both primary afferent neurons of rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and HEK293 cells heterologously expressing Piezo2 when these cells undergo osmotic swelling to increase SPMT. Osmotic swelling switches the kinetics of RA-MA currents to the slowly adapting type in both cultured DRG neurons and HEK293 cells heterologously expressing Piezo2. The potentiation of RA-MA currents is abolished when cultured DRG neurons are treated with cytochalasin D, an actin filament disruptor that prevents SPMT of cultured DRG neurons from an increase by osmotic swelling. Osmotic swelling significantly increases DRG neuron mechano-excitability such that a subthreshold mechanical stimulus can result in action potential firing. Behaviorally, the mechanical hind paw withdrawal threshold in rats is reduced following the injection of a hypotonic solution, but this osmotic effect is abolished when cytochalasin D or Gd 3؉ is co-administered with the hypoosmotic solution. Taken together, our findings suggest that Piezo2-mediated mechanotransduction is regulated by SPMT in primary afferent neurons. Because SPMT can be changed by multiple biological factors, our findings may have broad implications in mechanical sensitivity under physiological and pathological conditions.

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“…Sad). Given our specific predictions, any interactions indicated by the ANOVAs were followed up using planned comparisons (t-tests), without applying additional corrections for multiple comparisons (Rothman, 1990;Saville, 1990;McDonald, 2009). As effect sizes we report partial eta (η p ²), where .01 is considered a small effect size, .06 a medium effect and .14 a large effect (Cohen, 1988).…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dance expertise modulates behavioral and psychophysiological responses to affective body movement.

Christensen

Gomila

Gaigg

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractThe present study shows how motor expertise increases sensitivity to affective body movement at the behavioural and physiological level. Nineteen affective movement experts (professional ballet dancers) and twenty-four controls watched 96 video clips of emotionally expressive body movements while they performed an affect rating task (subjective response)and their galvanic skin response was recorded (psychophysiological response). The movements in the clips were either sad or happy, and in half of the trials movements were played in the order in which they are learned (forward presentation), and in the other half, backwards (control condition). Results showed that motor expertise in affective body movement specifically modulated both behavioural and physiological sensitivity to others' affective body movement, and that this sensitivity is particularly strong when movements are shown in the way they are learnt (forward presentation). The evidence is discussed within current theories of proprioceptive arousal feedback and motor simulation accounts.

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Multiple Comparison Procedures: The Practical Solution

Cited by 314 publications

References 0 publications

Pattern and rate of within-field dispersal and bionomics of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Aphididae), on selected cowpea cultivars

Pattern and rate of within-field dispersal and bionomics of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Aphididae), on selected cowpea cultivars

Regulation of Piezo2 Mechanotransduction by Static Plasma Membrane Tension in Primary Afferent Neurons

Dance expertise modulates behavioral and psychophysiological responses to affective body movement.

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