Multiple comparison test by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD): Do the confident level control type I error

Nanda, Anita; Mohapatra, Bibhuti Bhusan; Mahapatra, Abikesh Prasada Kumar; Mahapatra, Abiresh Prasad Kumar; Mahapatra, Abinash Prasad Kumar

doi:10.22271/maths.2021.v6.i1a.636

Cited by 106 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The Moderna vaccine had the highest average sentiment score of 0.0551, with 71 tweets in China. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) [ 46 ] and Tukey (CI = 95%) [ 47 ] methods were used to examine differences in the sentiments of these five countries. These methods showed that India and China, the USA and China, Canada and China, and the UK and China had differences of 0.2061, 0.1816, 0.0805, and 0.2031 in sentiments related to the Covaxin vaccine, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Public Attention and Sentiments towards Different COVID-19 Vaccines Using Data Mining Techniques

et al. 2022

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COVID-19 is a widely spread disease, and in order to overcome its spread, vaccination is necessary. Different vaccines are available in the market and people have different sentiments about different vaccines. This study aims to identify variations and explore temporal trends in the sentiments of tweets related to different COVID-19 vaccines (Covaxin, Moderna, Pfizer, and Sinopharm). We used the Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (VADER) tool to analyze the public sentiments related to each vaccine separately and identify whether the sentiments are positive (compound ≥ 0.05), negative (compound ≤ −0.05), or neutral (−0.05 < compound < 0.05). Then, we analyzed tweets related to each vaccine further to find the time trends and geographical distribution of sentiments in different regions. According to our data, overall sentiments about each vaccine are neutral. Covaxin is associated with 28% positive sentiments and Moderna with 37% positive sentiments. In the temporal analysis, we found that tweets related to each vaccine increased in different time frames. Pfizer- and Sinopharm-related tweets increased in August 2021, whereas tweets related to Covaxin increased in July 2021. Geographically, the highest sentiment score (0.9682) is for Covaxin from India, while Moderna has the highest sentiment score (0.9638) from the USA. Overall, this study shows that public sentiments about COVID-19 vaccines have changed over time and geographically. The sentiment analysis can give insights into time trends that can help policymakers to develop their policies according to the requirements and enhance vaccination programs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Public Attention and Sentiments towards Different COVID-19 Vaccines Using Data Mining Techniques

et al. 2022

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“…For normality tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests [82] were applied. The data were evaluated by a one-way ANOVA [83], and the differences among means were tested using the Tukey HSD test [84].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evaluation of the Effects of Zn, and Amino Acid-Containing Foliar Fertilizers on the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of a Hungarian Fodder Corn Hybrid

et al. 2022

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The benefit of applying foliar fertilizers is that crops can uptake them faster than soil fertilizers. The aim of this study was to test and valuate the effects of one zinc (Zn) and two amino acids-containing (AS) foliar fertilizers on a fodder corn hybrid’s physiological and biochemical processes. The experiment was conducted in field conditions. The following parameters of a fodder maize hybrid were measured one, two, three, four, five, and six weeks after the treatments (WAT): physiological (relative chlorophyll content and the effectiveness of PSII); biochemical (activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD); ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD); the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA); and proline. The yield increased by 10%, 6%, and 10% at Zn, Zn+AS1, and Zn+AS2 treatments. The yield parameters, such as grain/cob and ear weight, were also significantly higher under the applied three treatments relative to the control. The relative chlorophyll content was significantly higher one, two, and four weeks after Zn-treatment, and some changes were also observed when Zn and amino acid-containing fertilizer were applied in combination. The latter sampling did not show any notable changes. In addition, the activity of SOD increased when Zn-containing fertilizer was applied, although the effect of AS-containing fertilizer did not show. There was a correlation between the SOD activity and some of the yield parameters. The increasing SOD activity indicated a higher yield (t/ha) and a higher cob weight.

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“…The statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics 25 (Armonk, NY, USA) software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests [118] were used for data normality test and, the results were investigated by one-way ANOVA [119], the means were compared by Tukey HSD test [120]. Significance was marked by using lower case letters (a, b, c, and d) in the manuscript.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Phytohormones as Biostimulants in Corn Smut Infected Hungarian Sweet and Fodder Corn Hybrids

Szőke

Moloi

Kovács

et al. 2021

Plants

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The main goal of this research was to investigate the effects of corn smut (Ustilago maydis DC. Corda) infection on the morphological (plant height, and stem diameter), and biochemical parameters of Zea mays L. plants. The biochemical parameters included changes in the relative chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), and photosynthesis pigments’ contents, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes—ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The second aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of phytohormones (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, and ethylene) on corn smut-infected plants. The parameters were measured 7 and 11 days after corn smut infection (DACSI). Two hybrids were grown in a greenhouse, one fodder (Armagnac) and one a sweet corn (Desszert 73). The relative and the absolute amount of photosynthetic pigments were significantly lower in the infected plants in both hybrids 11 DACSI. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes and MDA content were higher in both infected hybrids. Auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin application diminished the negative effects of the corn smut infection (CSI) in the sweet corn hybrid. Phytohormones i.e., auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin can be a new method in protection against corn smut.

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Multiple comparison test by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD): Do the confident level control type I error

Cited by 106 publications

References 14 publications

Analyses of Public Attention and Sentiments towards Different COVID-19 Vaccines Using Data Mining Techniques

Analyses of Public Attention and Sentiments towards Different COVID-19 Vaccines Using Data Mining Techniques

The Evaluation of the Effects of Zn, and Amino Acid-Containing Foliar Fertilizers on the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of a Hungarian Fodder Corn Hybrid

The Application of Phytohormones as Biostimulants in Corn Smut Infected Hungarian Sweet and Fodder Corn Hybrids

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