Multiple Integrated Antennas for Wearable Fifth-Generation Communication and Internet of Things Applications

Liao, Chia-Te; Yang, Zhe-Kai; Chen, Hua‐Ming

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3107730

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The dimensions of the antenna elements are tuned to achieve optimal impedance matching and radiation efficiency in the frequency bands: 2.4-2.48 GHz (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM)), 5.150-5.850 GHz Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII (U-NII-1 to U-NII-3)) and 5.75-5.82 GHz (ISM). These frequency bands have been chosen because most IoT wearable devices use wireless technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, IEEE 802.11ah, IEEE 802.15.4, and Zigbee, in order to interact, collect, and exchange data [51,52]. From Figure 2a, it is seen that the antenna also covers the 3.4-3.6 GHz frequency band (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access-WiMAX).…”

Section: Antenna Design and Fabrication Process 21 Antenna Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Textile Dual-Band Logo Antenna for IoT Wearable Devices

Atanasova

Atanasov

2022

Sensors

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In recent years, the interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing because this technology bridges the gap between the physical and virtual world, by connecting different objects and people through communication networks, in order to improve the quality of life. New IoT wearable devices require new types of antennas with unique shapes, made on unconventional substrates, which can be unobtrusively integrated into clothes and accessories. In this paper, we propose a fully textile dual-band logo antenna integrated with a reflector for application in IoT wearable devices. The proposed antenna’s radiating elements have been shaped to mimic the logo of South-West University “Neofit Rilski” for an unobtrusive integration in accessories. A reflector has been mounted on the opposite side of the textile substrate to reduce the radiation from the wearable antenna and improve its robustness against the loading effect from nearby objects. Two antenna prototypes were fabricated and tested in free space as well as on three different objects (human body, notebook, and laptop). Moreover, in the two frequency ranges of interest a radiation efficiency of 25–38% and 62–90% was achieved. Moreover, due to the reflector, the maximum local specific-absorption rate, which averaged over 10 g mass in the human-body phantom, was found to be equal to 0.5182 W/kg at 2.4 GHz and 0.16379 W/kg at 5.47 GHz. Additionally, the results from the performed measurement-campaign collecting received the signal-strength indicator and packet loss for an off-body scenario in real-world use, demonstrating that the backpack-integrated antenna prototype can form high-quality off-body communication channels.

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Section: Antenna Design and Fabrication Process 21 Antenna Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Textile Dual-Band Logo Antenna for IoT Wearable Devices

Atanasova

Atanasov

2022

Sensors

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“…The reason is that the low-frequency spectrum is congested and occupied by many applications. Several pieces of research have been reported considering the frequency band from 28 GHz to 38 GHz for 5G applications [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Improvement of Substrate Integrated Cavity Fed Dipole Array Antenna Using ENZ Metamaterial for 5G Applications

El-Nady

Elsharkawy

Afifi

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper exhibits a high-gain, low-profile dipole antenna array (DAA) for 5G applications. The dipole element has a semi-triangular shape to realize a simple input impedance regime. To reduce the overall antenna size, a substrate integrated cavity (SIC) is adopted as a power splitter feeding network. The transition between the SIC and the antenna element is achieved by a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to increase the degree of freedom of impedance matching. Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial technique is exploited for gain enhancement. The ENZ metamaterial unit cells of meander shape are placed in front of each dipole perpendicularly to guide the radiated power into the broadside direction. The prospective antenna has an overall size of 2.58 λg3 and operates from 28.5 GHz up to 30.5 GHz. The gain is improved by 5 dB compared to that of the antenna without ENZ unit cells, reaching 11 dBi at the center frequency of 29.5 GHz. Measured and simulated results show a reasonable agreement.

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“…These devices usually demand ultra-wideband (UWB) operation. Due to the limited antenna design space, slot antennas or microstrip antennas are the best choice for these work environments [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In recent years, articles on the configuration of slot antennas for wireless communication products have emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [8], the smartphone uses the coupling effect between the inverted-F antenna and the slot to design a 2 × 2 LTE low-frequency antenna and a 4 × 4 LTE high-frequency antenna in a tiny space. Finally, [10] proposes a smartwatch with a 2 × 2 MIMO antenna system in a metal frame to match the frequency band to achieve the required coverage according to the slot antenna and circuit components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

4 × 4 MIMO Antenna System for Smart Eyewear in Wi-Fi 5G and Wi-Fi 6e Wireless Communication Applications

et al. 2021

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This paper proposes a small-slot antenna system (50 mm × 9 mm × 2.7 mm) for 4 × 4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) on smart glasses devices. The antenna is set on the plastic temple, and the inverted F antenna radiates through the slot in the ground plane of the sputtered copper layer outside the temple. Two symmetrical antennas and slots on the same temple and series capacitive elements enhance the isolation between the two antenna ports. When both temples are equipped with the proposed antennas, 4 × 4 MIMO transmission can be achieved. The antenna substrate is made of polycarbonate (PC), and its thickness is 2.7 mm εr=2.85, tanδ=0.0092. According to the actual measurement results, this antenna has two working frequency bands when the reflection coefficient is lower than −10dB, its working frequency bandwidth at 4.58–5.72 GHz and 6.38–7.0 GHz. The proposed antenna has a peak gain of 4.3 dBi and antenna efficiency of 85.69% at 5.14 GHz. In addition, it also can obtain a peak gain of 3.3 dBi and antenna efficiency of 82.78% at 6.8 GHz. The measurement results show that this antenna has good performance, allowing future smart eyewear devices to be applied to Wi-Fi 5G (5.18–5.85 GHz) and Wi-Fi 6e (5.925–7.125 GHz).

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Multiple Integrated Antennas for Wearable Fifth-Generation Communication and Internet of Things Applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 39 publications

Fully Textile Dual-Band Logo Antenna for IoT Wearable Devices

Fully Textile Dual-Band Logo Antenna for IoT Wearable Devices

Performance Improvement of Substrate Integrated Cavity Fed Dipole Array Antenna Using ENZ Metamaterial for 5G Applications

4 × 4 MIMO Antenna System for Smart Eyewear in Wi-Fi 5G and Wi-Fi 6e Wireless Communication Applications

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