Multiple myeloma: family history and mortality in second primary cancers

Chattopadhyay, Subhayan; Yu, Hongyao; Sud, Amit; Sundquist, Jan; Försti, Asta; Hemminki, Akseli; Hemminki, Kari

doi:10.1038/s41408-018-0108-1

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We also hypothesized that family history of cancer X increases the risk for cancer X to be an SPC, as has been observed for some other cancers. [17][18][19][20][21] We additionally tested if family history of skin cancer increases risk of second SCC after nonskin cancer. Some recent results on prostate, breast and ovarian cancers suggest that the cause of death in patients with SPC is often the SPC; 18,19,22 therefore, we assessed survival in patients with SCC who were diagnosed with SPC and whether survival is influenced by family history of SPC.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer

et al. 2020

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Summary Background Patients with squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) have an excellent prognosis but second primary cancers (SPCs) weaken survival prospects. Family history is a known risk factor for cancer but whether it is a risk factor for SPC in patients with SCC is not known. Objectives To quantify the risk of family history on SPCs in patients with SCC and estimate survival probabilities of patients with SPCs depending on family history. Methods With 13 945 histologically verified SCCs, relative risks (RRs) were estimated for family history using a generalized regression model. For survival analysis, hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed using a multivariable Cox proportional‐hazards model. Results Family history of invasive SCC increased risk of second invasive SCC [RR = 42·92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 33·69–50·32] compared with risk without family history (RR 19·12, 95% CI 17·88–21·08). Family history of any nonskin cancer in invasive SCC increased risk of the same cancers to be diagnosed as SPC (RRFH = 1·48, 95% CI 1·35–1·61 vs. RRno FH = 1·40, 95% CI 1·32–1·48); significant increases were observed for seven different nonskin cancers. Most results were replicated for in situ SCC. SPC was deleterious for survival irrespective of family history; HR for patients with SPC was 4·28 (95% CI 3·83–4·72) vs. those without SPC (1·04). Conclusions Family history of nonskin cancer was associated with approximately a doubling of risk for SPCs in patients with SCC. SPC increases the death rate in patients with SCC 3–4 times, irrespective of family history. Taking family history into account at SCC diagnosis may help prevention or early detection of SPCs. What's already known about this topic? Second primary cancers (SPCs) are frequently diagnosed in patients with invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); some epidemiological studies suggest a link to immune dysfunction. Family history of cancer is a risk factor for practically all first primary cancers but whether it also influences risk of SPCs in patients with SCC is not known. The possible influence of family history on survival in patients with SCC remains to be established. Linked Comment: Youlden and Baade. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:414–415.

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confidence: 99%

Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer

et al. 2020

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“…In our study, the incidence of MM patients with another other primary malignancy was about 5%. Some researchers believe that MM secondary to or accompanied by SPMs is not related to therapeutic factors, but rather to the immune system, and genetic or environmental factors [16]. We found that most primary malignancies occurred before the diagnosis of MM, most of which were neoplasms in the early stage and had a good prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma as a secondary primary malignancy: a retrospective study

Wang¹,

Yong²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Hematology

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Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) often develops as a secondary primary malignancy (SPM). The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) was the first tumour suppressor gene to be identified. We pooled and analyzed available data to compare the incidence of RB1 gene deletions and other cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with MM alone or as an SPM. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 475 patients. The experimental group comprised 18 patients with MM as an SPM, and the control group comprised 457 MM patients. We analyzed the baseline information in both groups, and used the odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and forest plot to determine the incidence of SPMs with and without cytogenetic abnormalities. Results: The incidence of RB1 gene deletion was higher in the experimental group. There was no significant difference in other cytogenetic abnormalities. Conclusions: RB1 gene deletions appear to be associated with MM that develops as an SPM.

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“…We hypothesize that family history of particular cancer may increase the risk of that cancer to appear as SPC; thus, a family history of breast cancer may increase the frequency of breast cancer as SPC in NHL patients. There is previous evidence on increased risk of SPC associated with family history in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma . We further hypothesized that mortality of patients with SPC may be influenced by the type of SPC, which is in‐line with distinct mortality differences known for first primary cancers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…There is previous evidence on increased risk of SPC associated with family history in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. 18,19 We further hypothesized that mortality of patients with SPC may be influenced by the type of SPC, which is in-line with distinct mortality differences known for first primary cancers. 20,21 While family history may increase the numbers of SPCs we wanted, in addition, to test whether it also interferes with survival in NHL patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Previous evidence along the same lines was reported for rarer cancers, Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. 18,19 Family history and testing for genetic susceptibility offer a strategy for prevention of fatal SPC when taken at NHL diagnosis, and relevant advice could be given, for example, regarding lung cancer (smoking cessation), colorectal, prostate and skin cancers (screening) and stomach and bladder cancer (early signs).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Second primary cancers in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Family history and survival

Chattopadhyay

Zheng

Sud

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Second primary cancers (SPCs) account for an increasing proportion of all cancer diagnoses and family history of cancer may be a risk factor for SPCs. Using the Swedish Family‐Cancer Database on non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we assessed the influence of family history on risk of SPCs and of SPCs on survival. NHL patients were identified from the years 1958 to 2015 and generalized Poisson models were used to calculate relative risks (RRs) for SPCs and familial SPCs. Among 14,393 NHL patients, a total of 1,866 (13.0%) were diagnosed with SPC. Familial risk of nine particular cancers was associated with risks of these cancers as SPCs, with twofold to fivefold increase in RRs. At the end of a 25‐year follow‐up period, the survival probability for persons with SPC was only 20% of that for patients without SPC; the hazard ratio for SPC was 1.59 (95% CI: 1.46–1.72). Survival could be predicted by the prognostic groups based on first cancers and HRs increase systematically with worse prognosis yielding a trend of p = 4.6 × 10−5. SPCs had deleterious consequences for survival in NHL patients. Family history was associated with increasing numbers of SPCs. Prevention of SPCs and their early detection is an important target in the overall strategy to improve survival in NHL patients. Counseling for avoidance of risk factors and targeted screening based on family history are feasible steps in risk reduction.

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Multiple myeloma: family history and mortality in second primary cancers

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer

Influence of family history on risk of second primary cancers and survival in patients with squamous cell skin cancer

Cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma as a secondary primary malignancy: a retrospective study

Second primary cancers in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Family history and survival

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