Multiple nutrient limitations in ecological models

O’Neill, Robert V.; DeAngelis, Don; Pastor, John; Jackson, B. J.; Post, Wilfred M.

doi:10.1016/0304-3800(89)90015-x

Cited by 140 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The distinction between new production based on nitrate and regenerated production based on ammonium is computed as follows (O'Neill et al, 1989):…”

Section: Nanophytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies

Aumont¹,

et al. 2015

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Abstract. PISCES-v2 (Pelagic Interactions Scheme for Carbon and Ecosystem Studies volume 2) is a biogeochemical model which simulates the lower trophic levels of marine ecosystems (phytoplankton, microzooplankton and mesozooplankton) and the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and of the main nutrients (P, N, Fe, and Si). The model is intended to be used for both regional and global configurations at high or low spatial resolutions as well as for short-term (seasonal, interannual) and long-term (climate change, paleoceanography) analyses. There are 24 prognostic variables (tracers) including two phytoplankton compartments (diatoms and nanophytoplankton), two zooplankton size classes (microzooplankton and mesozooplankton) and a description of the carbonate chemistry. Formulations in PISCES-v2 are based on a mixed Monod-quota formalism. On the one hand, stoichiometry of C / N / P is fixed and growth rate of phytoplankton is limited by the external availability in N, P and Si. On the other hand, the iron and silicon quotas are variable and the growth rate of phytoplankton is limited by the internal availability in Fe. Various parameterizations can be activated in PISCES-v2, setting, for instance, the complexity of iron chemistry or the description of particulate organic materials. So far, PISCES-v2 has been coupled to the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) and Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) systems. A full description of PISCES-v2 and of its optional functionalities is provided here. The results of a quasi-steady-state simulation are presented and evaluated against diverse observational and satellite-derived data. Finally, some of the new functionalities of PISCES-v2 are tested in a series of sensitivity experiments.

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“…The distinction between new production based on nitrate and regenerated production based on ammonium is computed as follows (O'Neill et al, 1989):…”

Section: Nanophytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies

Aumont¹,

et al. 2015

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“…Nitrogen uptake is partitioned between ammonium and nitrate according to the substitutive equations of O'Neill et al (1989) based on Fasham (1995). These equations are based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics modified by the half-saturation coefficients (Relations (62), (63), (70) and (71)).…”

Section: Ecosystem Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intermediate complexity marine ecosystem model for the global domain

Moore

Doney

Kleypas

et al. 2001

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

489

536

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A new marine ecosystem model designed for the global domain is presented, and model output is compared with field data from nine different locations. Field data were collected as part of the international Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) program, and from historical time series stations. The field data include a wide variety of marine ecosystem types, including nitrogen-and iron-limited systems, and different physical environments from high latitudes to the mid-ocean gyres. Model output is generally in good agreement with field data from these diverse ecosystems. These results imply that the ecosystem model presented here can be reliably applied over the global domain.The model includes multiple potentially limiting nutrients that regulate phytoplankton growth rates. There are three phytoplankton classes, diatoms, diazotrophs, and a generic small phytoplankton class. Growth rates can be limited by available nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and/or light levels. The diatoms can also be limited by silicon. The diazotrophs are capable of nitrogen fixation of N 2 gas and cannot be nitrogen-limited. Calcification by phytoplankton is parameterized as a variable fraction of primary production by the small phytoplankton group. There is one zooplankton class that grazes the three phytoplankton groups and a large detrital pool. The large detrital pool sinks out of the mixed layer, while a smaller detrital pool, representing dissolved organic matter and very small particulates, does not sink. Remineralization of the detrital pools is parameterized with a temperature-dependent function. We explicitly model the dissolved iron cycle in marine surface waters including inputs of iron from subsurface sources and from atmospheric dust deposition. r

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“…A commonly-used alternative approach is to instead limit phytoplankton growth by the Michaelis-Menten term of the most limiting nutrient, the so-called Liebig law of the minimum (O'Neill et al, 1989).…”

Section: A2 Multiple Nutrient Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Default MEDUSA treats multiple nutrient limitation of phytoplankton in a multiplicative manner whereby individual limitation terms are multiplied together to determine overall nutrient limitation of growth (O'Neill et al, 1989).…”

Section: A2 Multiple Nutrient Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medusa-1.0: a new intermediate complexity plankton ecosystem model for the global domain

2011

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Abstract. The ongoing, anthropogenically-driven changes to the global ocean are expected to have significant consequences for plankton ecosystems in the future. Because of the role that plankton play in the ocean's "biological pump", changes in abundance, distribution and productivity will likely have additional consequences for the wider carbon cycle. Just as in the terrestrial biosphere, marine ecosystems exhibit marked diversity in species and functional types of organisms. Predicting potential change in plankton ecosystems therefore requires the use of models that are suited to this diversity, but whose parameterisation also permits robust and realistic functional behaviour. In the past decade, advances in model sophistication have attempted to address diversity, but have been criticised for doing so inaccurately or ahead of a requisite understanding of underlying processes. Here we introduce MEDUSA-1.0 (Model of Ecosystem Dynamics, nutrient Utilisation, Sequestration and Acidification), a new "intermediate complexity" plankton ecosystem model that expands on traditional nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplanktondetritus (NPZD) models, and remains amenable to globalscale evaluation. MEDUSA-1.0 includes the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, silicon and iron, broadly structured into "small" and "large" plankton size classes, of which the "large" phytoplankton class is representative of a key phytoplankton group, the diatoms. A full description of MEDUSA-1.0's state variables, differential equations, functional forms and parameter values is included, with particular attention focused on the submodel describing the export of organic carbon from the surface to the deep ocean. MEDUSA-1.0 is used here in a multi-decadal hindcast simulation, and its biogeochemical performance evaluated at the global scale.

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Multiple nutrient limitations in ecological models

Cited by 140 publications

References 5 publications

PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies

PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies

An intermediate complexity marine ecosystem model for the global domain

Medusa-1.0: a new intermediate complexity plankton ecosystem model for the global domain

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