Multiple Organ Dysfunction: The Defining Syndrome of Sepsis

Abstract

We describe the common clinical manifestations of the six prototypic organ system dysfunction syndromes of severe sepsis and review the associated epidemiology and suspected pathophysiology.

Endotoxemia-induced endothelial fibrosis inhibition improves hypotension, tachycardia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, cytokine response, oxidative stress, and survival

“…However, this therapeutic strategy frequently fails to return the blood pressure to normal levels during septic shock, presumably because of endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction, excessive nitric oxide (NO) secretion by vascular endothelial cells, and sympathetic vascular overstimulation, among other causes [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Some studies suggest that sepsis-induced hypotension generates severe hypoperfusion, which disturbs normal oxygen and glucose delivery to organs and decreases the clearance of carbon dioxide and waste molecules from tissues [18,19]. This condition is critically enhanced by the increased vascular permeability mediated by endothelial dysfunction, which generates extensive edema and vascular fluid leak [20,21].…”

“…The consequence of these pathological events is to generate appropriate conditions that induce multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), which significantly enhances the sepsis mortality rate [22,23]. MOD syndrome (MODS) is a terminal stage of sepsis syndrome that alters the function of several crucial organs [19,23,24].…”

Predicting the requirement for renal replacement therapy in intensive care patients with sepsis

“…Sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, with initial organ impairment often followed by dysfunction in other systems [ 1 ]. Renal dysfunction may therefore represent one facet in the evolution towards multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) or, alternatively, may be indicative of system-wide endothelial damage caused by hyperinflammation and a positive fluid balance.…”

Initial septic shock therapy in obstetrics (clinical guidelines)

“…Главной особенностью полиорганной недостаточности является неудержимость развития повреждения органа или системы до такой степени, что он не способен поддерживать жизнеобеспечение организма. На долю синдрома приходится до 80% общей летальности палат реанимации и интенсивной терапии хирургических стационаров [8][9][10].…”

“…9 60-90 мин инфузия. 10 Ингаляционно с помощью небулайзера, не разрешен для в/в введения; применяется только при инфекциях нижних дыхательных путей.…”