Multiple recycling of paperboard: Paperboard characteristics and maximum number of recycling cycles— Part I: Multiple recycling of corrugated base paper

Abstract

Paper for recycling is an important fiber source for the production of corrugated base paper. The change in production capacity toward more and more packaging papers affects the composition of paper for recycling and influences the paper quality. This research project investigated the influence of the multiple recycling of five different corrugated base papers (kraftliner, neutral sulfite semichemical [NSSC] fluting, corrugating medium, testliner 2, and testliner 3) on suspension and strength properties under laboratory conditions. The corrugated board base papers were repulped in a low consistency pulper and processed into Rapid-Köthen laboratory sheets. The sheets were then recycled up to 15 times in the same process. In each cycle, the suspension and the paper properties were recorded. In particular, the focus was on corrugated board-specific parameters, such as short-span compression test, ring crush test, corrugating medium test, and burst. The study results indicate how multiple recycling under laboratory conditions affects fiber and paper properties.

Single-fibre coating and additive manufacturing of multifunctional papers

“…Further work will be related to optimizing the local resolution and extending the fibre library to exploit the design freedom with the additive manufacturing method, as shown for unmodified fibres. 27–29 …”

“…On a laboratory scale, papers are usually produced using the Rapid-Koethen process. However, papers can also be produced by additive manufacturing technologies, as described, and patented (WO 2021/116293 A1) by Kreplin et al [27][28][29] Here, the bre suspension is applied to a wire via a nozzle and dewatered directly by vacuum. The nozzle traverses in predetermined paths in the x-y, building the paper from different paths and layers.…”

“…The nozzle traverses in predetermined paths in the x – y , building the paper from different paths and layers. 27–29 Although initial recent work involved additive manufacturing of paper sheets, new paper architectures, including asymmetric and patterned designs of paper functionalization such as paper wettability, have not yet been demonstrated. Defined and asymmetric paper sheet architecture design, among others, is of interest in the context of sensing or separation and would need be based on a library of orthogonally functionalized fibres.…”

On the Bi-Axial In-Plane Behavior of Laminated Paperboard Components in Construction: A Representative Engineering Model

“…However, investigations show, that same fibers could be recycled up to 20 times without a decrease of mechanical properties. [KREPLIN et al, 2019] For recycled paper containing 100 % recycled fibers, disposed paper, consisting of fresh fibers, is used for manufacturing. [BÜHLER et al, 2018] VDP (Verband Deutscher Papierfabriken -German Pulp and Paper Association) reports 76 % use of recycled fibers in 2018 and 78 % in 2019.…”

Biodegradation Behavior of Starch in Simulated White Water System of Old Corrugated Cardboard Pulping Process

“…The consumption demand for corrugated cardboard products in China and even all over the world has grown rapidly, which is mainly due to the fast development of logistics and transportation industry [2][3] . Owing to the critical shortage of forest resources in China, the available raw material for the production of corrugated cardboard is primarily old corrugated cardboard (OCC) [4] .…”