Multiple site ground-based evaluation of carbonaceous aerosol mass concentrations retrieved from CAMS and MERRA-2 over the Indo-Gangetic Plain

Soni, Ashish; Mandariya, Anil Kumar; Rajeev, Pradhi; Izhar, Saifi; Singh, Gyanesh Kumar; Choudhary, Vikram; Qadri, Adnan Mateen; Gupta, Aman; Singh, Amit Kumar; Gupta, Tarun

doi:10.1039/d1ea00067e

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…However, authors in the literature have already reported disagreements between ground‐measured and satellite‐derived particulate matter data. [ 31–34 ] At Central and Eastern China, [ 32 ] seasonality in the MERRA‐2 ( PM 10 and all PM components) reanalysis was observed when comparing to ground measurements, in which performed better in summer than winter. The possible reasons of this seasonality are the simulation bias of meteorology (i.e., overestimation of wind and the boundary layer height) and different levels of precipitation, humidity, and air temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that Jaén has low levels of PM on average comparing to the studies in India, China, and Mexico. [31][32][33]…”

Section: Particulate Matter Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the reasons of the observed bias in this study as in other authors [32,34] is that in general the available PM monitors are mainly located in urban areas, while utility scale PV plants are typically located in less developed areas. [23] Also, the lack of local measurements of specific PM components, could affect the reanalysis data performed by MERRA-2 [31] as could be observed by [31] in India, where MERRA-2 underestimated the OC mass concentrations.…”

Section: Particulate Matter Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Photovoltaic Soiling Using Environmental Parameters: A Comparative Analysis of Existing Models

Bessa

Micheli

Montes‐Romero

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Soiling is the process where dust, dirt, and organic/inorganic contaminants accumulate on the surface of a photovoltaic (PV) module. It impacts the energy generation of PV systems and causes significant economic losses. It can be monitored through soiling estimation models, which evaluate its impact depending on a number of environmental parameters. The main focus of this study is to compare four existing estimation models in Jaén, Spain, and to analyze their performance in an environment different than that where each of them is developed. The results indicate that all models can reproduce accurately the seasonality of soiling in Jaén, if a cleaning threshold of 0.3 mm day−1 is considered. The models’ performance is found to be influenced not only by the mass concentration but also by the optical properties of each component of the atmospheric particulate matter, with an overestimation up to 4% in high organic carbon concentration periods. The natural cleaning role of rainfalls and its influence on the modeling error are also discussed through the paper.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that Jaén has low levels of PM on average comparing to the studies in India, China, and Mexico. [31][32][33]…”

Section: Particulate Matter Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Particulate Matter Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Photovoltaic Soiling Using Environmental Parameters: A Comparative Analysis of Existing Models

Bessa

Micheli

Montes‐Romero

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…Also, despite scavenging, the MAE of BC and BrC for the fog droplet associated events was found to be increased, indicating that aqueous processing can significantly enhance their absorption capacity. Furthermore, a recent study reported the discrepancy in the OC and BC data obtained from reanalysis data, which was attributed to the variable emission sources, secondary formation, and aging of aerosols …”

Section: Emerging Important Role Of Brown Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Major Role of Organic Aerosols in Explaining the Occurrence, Frequency, and Magnitude of Haze and Fog Episodes during Wintertime in the Indo Gangetic Plain

2022

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Aerosols are an important part of Earth’s atmosphere. They can absorb, scatter, or reflect the incoming solar radiation, which results in heating or cooling of Earth, thus impacting its climate. It affects the health of exposed human population adversely, reduces visibility, disturbs environmental systems, and causes material damage. This study summarizes the research carried out to understand the role of aerosol load and its physicochemical characteristics on occurrence, frequency, and magnitude of haze and fog events during wintertime within the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP) in the past decade. For most species, the highest concentration was measured during foggy events at night-time over the winter season. A few species such as water-soluble organic and inorganic carbon (WSOC and WSIC), K+, SO4 2–, and NO3 –, owing to their hygroscopic nature, were efficiently scavenged, resulting in their lower concentration within the interstitial aerosol during fog episodes. Oligomerization with hydroxy and carbonyl functional groups during AFP (activating fog period) and DFP (dissipating fog period), respectively, accompanied by acidic aerosol (having catalytic ability) and high aerosol liquid water content conditions was found to be significant. Whereas the fragmentation process was dominant along with functionalization of −RCOOH or carbonyl (aldehyde/ketone) and −RCOOH moieties during FP (fog period) and PoFP (post-fog period), respectively. Transition metals play an important role in aqueous production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) especially during the night-time. Crustal sources had the highest scavenging efficiency along with WSOC playing an important role in nucleation scavenging. Fine droplets had a higher concentration of species with a larger fraction of highly oxidized organic matter (OM) as compared to coarse or medium size droplets. Also, a new approach to calculate absorption by black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) was proposed, which found the water-soluble brown carbon (WSBrC) absorption value in aerosol to be up to 1.8 times higher than that measured in their corresponding aqueous extracts. Organic aerosol plays a vital role in facilitating fog formation and is responsible for the longer residence time in the ambient atmosphere. Ammonia plays an important role in stabilizing organic aerosol and aids to this recurring haze–fog–haze cycle that is dominant during wintertime in the IGP. Therefore, controlling the major anthropogenic sources of organic aerosol and ammonia should be our top priority in this part of the world.

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“…The absorption properties of carbonaceous aerosols are one of the most critical parameters for the quantification of aerosol radiative forcing . Still, there is significant uncertainty in the estimation of black carbon (BC) radiative forcing, mainly as a result of its mixing with other complex non-refractory organic and inorganic chemicals. − Previously, several modeling and laboratory studies have provided a clue that the mixed BC particles absorb more strongly than the bare/pure BC aerosols, often called the lensing effect. ,− The core–shell Mie theory is often used to estimate coated BC absorption properties by assuming a spherical BC core surrounded by uniform coating materials . However, some ambient studies have reported that the core–shell approximation overestimates the absorption enhancement primarily as a result of the unequal distribution of coating materials, varying thickness of the outer shell, non-spherical core, and heterogeneity associated with particle-to-particle composition. ,− In contrast, some other studies have reported significant enhancement of BC as a result of coating. , Overall, there are significant spatial and temporal variations reported for absorption enhancement of BC as a result of varying the mixing state, thus calling for more in situ observations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Approach for the In Situ Measurement of Absorption Enhancement of Atmospheric Black Carbon Due to Atmospheric Mixing

Soni

Gupta

2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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The significant uncertainty associated with black carbon (BC) radiative forcing estimation is mainly due to discrepancies related to its mixing state. The in situ measurement-based understanding of absorption properties is limited to only a few locations worldwide, primarily as a result of the unavailability of sophisticated instrumentations for absorption enhancement (E abs ) measurements resulting from mixing with non-BC chemicals. Therefore, we have proposed an alternative approach for a more robust in situ measurement of absorption enhancement using a thermal−optical carbon analyzer. In the present study, the absorption spectra during different stages of thermal−optical carbon analysis were used to estimate the absorption coefficients of mixed and pure BC aerosols. Moreover, we have also explored the possibility of apportioning light absorption by the BC core and absorbing organics (brown carbon). The present method was applied on a few ground-based aerosol samples collected at two distinct Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) sampling stations. E abs at 808 nm was observed to be approximately 1.2 at both of the sampling sites. Interestingly, the absorbing brown carbon chromophores showed a wide range of absorption in the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths with minimum absorption at 635 nm. Thus, the present study suggests that the absorption of organics in near-infrared wavelengths cannot be neglected.

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Multiple site ground-based evaluation of carbonaceous aerosol mass concentrations retrieved from CAMS and MERRA-2 over the Indo-Gangetic Plain

Abstract: Objectives: (a) ground-truthing of black and organic aerosol mass simulated by CAMS and MERRA-2, (b) identification of different atmospheric processes that propagated errors in these reanalysis datasets.

Cited by 9 publications

References 98 publications

Estimation of Photovoltaic Soiling Using Environmental Parameters: A Comparative Analysis of Existing Models

Estimation of Photovoltaic Soiling Using Environmental Parameters: A Comparative Analysis of Existing Models

Emerging Major Role of Organic Aerosols in Explaining the Occurrence, Frequency, and Magnitude of Haze and Fog Episodes during Wintertime in the Indo Gangetic Plain

Alternative Approach for the In Situ Measurement of Absorption Enhancement of Atmospheric Black Carbon Due to Atmospheric Mixing

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