1996
DOI: 10.1109/49.490239
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Multiple-subcarrier modulation for nondirected wireless infrared communication

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Cited by 303 publications
(155 citation statements)
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“…Subcarrier L-QAM suffers from an additional power penalty of 1.5 dB, because of the power wasted in the DC offset common to all subcarrier techniques, plus multisubcarrier and multilevel penalties [15]. Thus, compared with OOK, the power requirement to achieve a given bit rate is relatively higher for subcarrier L-QAM.…”
Section: Multilevel Modulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Subcarrier L-QAM suffers from an additional power penalty of 1.5 dB, because of the power wasted in the DC offset common to all subcarrier techniques, plus multisubcarrier and multilevel penalties [15]. Thus, compared with OOK, the power requirement to achieve a given bit rate is relatively higher for subcarrier L-QAM.…”
Section: Multilevel Modulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since intensity modulation with direct detection is utilized in VLC for low-cost implementation, the signals modulated on the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) should be real-valued and nonnegative [2]. Therefore, various optical OFDM schemes have been proposed to satisfy these constraints, namely DC-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) [3], asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) [4], pulse-amplitude-modulated discrete multi-tone (PAM-DMT) [5], unipolar OFDM (U-OFDM) [6], and Flip OFDM [7]. In all these optical OFDM schemes, Hermitian symmetry is utilized on the OFDM subcarriers before inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), so that the time-domain signals are real-valued.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Alternatively, special arrangements on the signals in the time or frequency domain are used in Refs. [3][4][5][6][7] without the need of DC bias, which generate non-negative signals at the cost of spectral efficiency loss. In order to overcome the spectral efficiency loss while maintaining high-energy efficiency, several hybrid schemes are proposed [8][9][10][11].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In IM/DD (Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection) based VLCs, the requirement for the light intensity to be positive and real implies that complex and bipolar signal formats such as the traditional OFDM cannot be used. Thus, DCO-OFDM (DC-biased Optical OFDM) and ACO-OFDM (Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM) were proposed for IM/DD VLC systems [18,19] . Both schemes are constrained to have HS (Hermitian Symmetry) in order to provide real-time domain signals at the cost of 50% of the electrical bandwidth [20] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%