Multiplex PCR assay based on the citE2 gene and intergenic sequence for the rapid detection of Salmonella Pullorum in chickens

Rapid detection methods for foodborne pathogens based on nucleic acid amplification: Recent advances, remaining challenges, and possible opportunities

“…The authors reported that the detection limit for norovirus was 1–100 pfu/mL without the need for sample enrichment, while for Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and E. coli it was 1–10 cfu/mL after 24 h of enrichment. Similarly, Liu et al (2022b) reported the simultaneous detection of Salmonella Pullorum and Salmonella Enteritidis in chicken eggs with a concentration of 10 4 cfu/mL after enriching the samples for 2 h; they further demonstrated that enriching the chicken egg samples for 6 h and 10–12 h could enable the detection of these pathogens at a concentration of 10 and 1 cfu/mL, respectively.

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“…The limit of detection (LOD) of this method varies among the types of food and pathogen species. For example, Fang et al (2021) reported that conventional PCR could detect V. cholerae in shrimp at a concentration of 10 3 cfu/mL, whereas Liu et al (2022) observed that this method could detect S. Pullorum in eggs at a concentration of 10 5 cfu/mL. Sun et al (2022) reported that the detection limit for L. monocytogenes in milk samples was approximately 10 4 cfu/mL after enriching the samples for 9 h. Furthermore, recent studies have also been constantly developing approaches to detect multiple pathogens in a single test tube.…”

Prevalence and genomic-based antimicrobial resistance analysis of Avibacterium paragallinarum isolates in Guangdong Province, China

“…Finally, 1.5 μL of each dilution was used for PCR. All reactions were performed using an optimized PCR program, and the negative control was sterile water ( Liu et al, 2022 ). The aforementioned experiments were replicated 3 times separately and independently.…”