Multiplication of Whataroa Virus in Mosquitoes

Miles, J. A. R.; Pillai, J. S.; Maguire, Terry

doi:10.1093/jmedent/10.2.176

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Boorman suggested that this virus, which appears in the hemolymph immediately after feeding, may be responsible for infecting other tissues of the insect before virus multiplication. Miles et al 59 found Whataroa virus in the hemolymph of Aedes australis as early as 30 min after a blood meal and estimated that 10% of the mosquitoes tested had virus in the hemocoel during the first 4 hr after feeding. These observations with baculoviruses and arboviruses suggest that the rapid movement of virus from the gut lumen to the hemocoel may represent an important but overlooked mechanism by which many viruses may enter their insect host.…”

Section: Fig 6 Diagrammatic Representation Of Two Distinct Virus Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectivity and mode of action of Baculoviruses

Granados

1980

Biotech & Bioengineering

103

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SummaryThe genus Baculovirus contains three subgroups of viral types: 1) nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPVs), 2) granulosis viruses (GVs), and 3) nonoccluded baculoviruses. While little information is available for viruses from the third subgroup, several aspects of the infectivity and mode of action of NPVs and GVs have been studied. The most common route of entry of a virus into an insect host is per os, and both virus types enter midgut cells (primary site of infection) by membrane fusion. However, two distinct mechanisms of virus uncoating occur among the baculoviruses: NPVs uncoat within the nucleus, whereas GVs uncoat at the nuclear pore complex. Baculoviruses of subgroup 3 appear to uncoat by either mechanism. In addition to replicating within the nucleus, NPV inoculum virus may pass through the intestinal epithelium immediately after ingestion, thereby establishing a systemic infection of the hemocoel prior to virus replication in midgut cells. The GVs do not appear to pass through midgut cells as rapidly as NPVs, and in general, the developmental cycle of GVs is longer than that of NPVs. NPVs have been grown in cell culture while GVs have not.

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Section: Fig 6 Diagrammatic Representation Of Two Distinct Virus Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectivity and mode of action of Baculoviruses

Granados

1980

Biotech & Bioengineering

103

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“…Rapid access of antibody to mosquito haemolymph may be by passive transfer between epithelial cells across a so-called 'leaky' midgut, a mechanism proposed to explain the rapid appearance of arboviruses in haemolymph after a bloodmeal (Boorman, 1960;Miles et al, 1973;Hardy et al, 1983). Alternatively, antibody may be specifically, and actively, absorbed across the midgut epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and localization of antibody ingested with a mosquito bloodmeal

Hatfield¹

1988

Medical Vet Entomology

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Mouse immunoglobulins were found to persist in Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquito bloodmeals for 2-3 days after ingestion. Immunoenzyme labelling revealed mouse antibody specifically bound to the mosquito midgut epithelium after ingestion; immunogold labelling of thin sections revealed mouse antibody within the cytoplasm of the microvilli on the midgut epithelium. Ingested mouse antibody was not conclusively demonstrated bound to tissues outside the gut, though antibody was detected in mosquito haemolymph using a sensitive ELISA test. Possible mechanisms by which antibody may cross mosquito gut barriers and actions that in vivo antibody:antigen reactions may have on these bloodfed insects are discussed.

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“…may be more complex than previously believed, since both st~ains infecting A. trivittatus were mosquito isolates and the site, date of collection, and passage history of these isolates were identical, Preliminary findings have not determined if genetic factors are ·responsible for the variation in susceptibility of A. ·trivittatus to WEE viral strains Miles et al, (1973). reported that substantial amounts of Whataroa virus, a virus antigenically related to WEE virus and maintained 'in a similar zoonotic cycle, could be recovered from hemolymph of Aedes australis during the first 48 hrs after infection.…”

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confidence: 81%