Multiresidue Analysis of Pesticides in Vegetables and Fruits by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

A multiresidue method for analyzing pesticides in vegetables and fruits by supercritical fluid extraction SFE and LC-MS/MS was developed. The sample preparation and SFE parameters were optimized for extracting LC-amenable polar and medium-polarity pesticides. High recoveries were achieved for most of the tested pesticides by extracting a 1 : 1 : 1 sample-Celite-anhydrous magnesium sulfate mixture with supercritical carbon dioxide at 16.4 MPa at 40 for 30 min with methanol added as a modifier. The recoveries of 117 pesticides fortified with 0.01 mg/kg of each pesticide were 70-120 , and the relative standard deviations were less than 25 for 112 pesticides in tomato and 103 pesticides in cucumber. No significant differences were observed in the residue concentrations determined in real samples by the SFE method and the liquid extraction method the modified Japanese official method . Higher recoveries of polar pesticides, such as acephate and methamidophos, were achieved by the developed SFE method than by the liquid extraction method.

Determination of Haloxyfop-Methyl, Linuron, and Procymidone Pesticides in Carrot Using SLE-LTP Extraction and GC-MS

“…The extraction techniques used for pesticide residue analysis in plant products include dispersive solid-phase extraction (dispersive-SPE) (Anastassiades et al 2003); QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, robust, and safe) (Lehotay et al 2010a); supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (Shizuka et al 2014); microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) (Karmakar et al 2012); matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) (Liang et al 2014); solid-phase extraction (SPE) (Sanagi et al 2013); pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) (Celeiro et al 2014); solid-phase microextraction (SPME) (Dias et al 2015); and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) (Giordano et al 2011).…”

Simultaneous enantioselective determination of six pesticides in aqueous environmental samples by chiral liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

“…Before analysis, an appropriate sample pretreatment procedure used for concentration of target analytes is necessary. Several extraction techniques have been applied to extract pesticides from environmental water samples, such as SPE , SPME , dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) , ultrasonic assisted headspace single drop microextraction (USA‐HSDME) , SFE , SPE in combination with DLLME and other techniques. Among the pretreatment methods, SPE‐DLLME is confirmed as an effective combination technique, which has the advantages such as simple operation, low solvent consumption, low matrix effect, and high extraction efficiency .…”