Multiresidue determination of (fluoro)quinolone antibiotics in chicken by polymer monolith microextraction and field-amplified sample stacking procedures coupled to CE-UV

A phase separation method for analyses of fluoroquinones in meats based on ultrasound-assisted salt-induced liquid–liquid microextraction and a new integrated device

“…The PS-USLM method developed and optimized in this study was compared with other methods from the literature, such as solid-phase extraction (SPE) Toussaint, Chedin, Vincent, Bordin, & Rodriguez, 2005), polymonolith microextraction (PMME) (He et al, 2010), liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) (Tian et al, 2014) and so on. As summarized in Table 4, the sample preparation time for PS-USLM is much shorter (13.1 min) than those of optical biosensor inhibition immunoassay (OBII) (Huet et al, 2008;Huet et al, 2009) (83 min), SPE (50 min and 2 days), PMME (60 min), isotope dilution (ID) (Lee et al, 2013) (60 min) and LLE (145 min).…”

“…Fleroxacin (FLE), ofloxacin (OFL), norfloxacin (NOR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) are third-generation FQs used in treating human and animal diseases, while enrofloxacin (ENR) is used only for treating animal diseases. With the overuse of these FQs in animal husbandry and aquaculture, they are widely detected in all kinds of matrices, especially in meat such as fish (Huet et al, 2008;Huet, Charlier, Weigel, Godefroy, & Delahaut, 2009), chicken (He, Lv, Yu, & Feng, 2010;Lee, Kim, & Kim, 2013;Tian et al, 2014), pork Lee et al, 2013) and beef (Lee et al, 2013;Sheng et al, 2009). Because of the complex matrix interferences in meat, the previously reported analytical methods often require extensive sample preparation (Vazquez, Vazquez, Galera, & Garcia, 2012;Ebrahimpour, Yamini, & Moradi, 2012).…”

Selective extraction of alkaloids in human urine by on-line single drop microextraction coupled with sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography

“…Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) were the widely used sample preparation techniques for clean-up of biological samples [32,33]. However, evaporation of solvent to dryness and the reconstitution of the dry residue in a suitable solvent were unavoidable before CE analysis for both techniques, which were time-consuming, tedious and also prone to loss of analytes [34].…”

“…Therefore, development of new sample preparation techniques with simplification, miniaturization and automation was the noticeable trend. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was introduced as a solvent-free, relatively fast and simple technique which has been used in combination with CE in the off-line or on-line mode [33,35,36]. As extremely low sample volumes were injected, on-line coupling of SPME-CE was more difficult than SPME-LC.…”

Novel extraction approach for liquid samples: Stir cake sorptive extraction using monolith

“…As a result, it possesses very good permeability and high surface area. Based on the attractive character, monoliths were also used as the extractive media in some extractive technologies such as SPE [22,23], in-tube SPE [24,25], solid-phase microextraction [26] and SBSE [27]. In our previous study, a serial of new coatings based on Xiaojia Huang Linli Chen Fuhua Lin Dongxing Yuan monoliths for SBSE [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] have been prepared and applied to extract organic pollutants [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] and inorganic ions [36] in all kinds of matrices.…”