Multiscale mechanobiology: mechanics at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels

Guo, Chin-Lin; Harris, Nolan C.; Wijeratne, Sithara S.; Frey, Eric W.; Kiang, Ching‐Hwa

doi:10.1186/2045-3701-3-25

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Application of mechanical stimuli to manipulate cell behavior offers several advantages. For example, mechanical forces can be directionally summed, thus amplifying the net effect of mechanotransduction by increasing the magnitude of the optimal force applied 8 . For this reason, the mechanical properties of microenvironments have been explored as another regulatory factor to precisely control stem cell fate and function in situ .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional spherical spatial boundary conditions differentially regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

Liu²,

Rimando

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The spatial boundary condition (SBC) arising from the surrounding microenvironment imposes specific geometry and spatial constraints that affect organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) sensitively respond to alterations of mechanical cues generated from the SBC. However, mechanical cues provided by a three-dimensional (3D) environment are deprived in a reductionist 2D culture system. This study investigates how SBC affects osteogenic differentiation of MSCs using 3D scaffolds with monodispersed pores and homogenous spherical geometries. MSCs cultured under SBCs with diameters of 100 and 150 μm possessed the greatest capability of osteogenic differentiation. This phenomenon was strongly correlated with MSC morphology, organization of actin cytoskeleton, and distribution of focal adhesion involving α2 and α5 integrins. Further silencing either α2 or α5 integrin significantly reduced the above mentioned mechanosensitivity, indicating that the α2 and α5 integrins as mechano-sensitive molecules mediate MSCs’ ability to provide enhanced osteogenic differentiation in response to different spherical SBCs. Taken together, the findings provide new insights regarding how MSCs respond to mechanical cues from the surrounding microenvironment in a spherical SBC, and such biophysical stimuli should be taken into consideration in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in conjunction with biochemical cues.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional spherical spatial boundary conditions differentially regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

Liu²,

Rimando

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for permanent, temporary and biodegradable orthopedic devices developed for bone repair and regeneration [ 1 – 3 ]. The cell–biomaterial interaction is a major challenge for tissue engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the topographical and chemical surface stimuli of the biomaterials can affect cellular behavior, either detrimentally or favorably, at the interface [ 4 – 7 ]. The physico–chemical stimuli of biomaterial surfaces control complex molecular mechanisms responsible for cell function [ 4 , 8 – 10 ] by mechanotransduction—translating external signals and forces into intracellular biochemical signals [ 1 ]. As a result, initial processes like cell adhesion [ 8 , 11 ], spreading [ 9 , 12 ] and the mechanical attachment of cells to the biomaterial surface [ 5 ] further influence other cell activities such as proliferation, differentiation [ 2 ] and intracellular signaling [ 4 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced calcium ion mobilization in osteoblasts on amino group containing plasma polymer nanolayer

et al. 2018

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BackgroundBiomaterial modifications—chemical and topographical—are of particular importance for the integration of materials in biosystems. Cells are known to sense these biomaterial characteristics, but it has remained unclear which physiological processes bio modifications trigger. Hence, the question arises of whether the dynamic of intracellular calcium ions is important for the characterization of the cell–material interaction. In our prior research we could demonstrate that a defined geometrical surface topography affects the cell physiology; this was finally detectable in a reduced intracellular calcium mobilization after the addition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).ResultsThis new contribution examines the cell physiology of human osteoblasts concerning the relative cell viability and the calcium ion dynamic on different chemical modifications of silicon–titanium (Ti) substrates. Chemical modifications comprising the coating of Ti surfaces with a plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAAm)-layer or with a thin layer of collagen type-I were compared with a bare Ti substrate as well as tissue culture plastic. For this purpose, the human osteoblasts (MG-63 and primary osteoblasts) were seeded onto the surfaces for 24 h. The relative cell viability was determined by colorimetric measurements of the cell metabolism and relativized to the density of cells quantified using crystal violet staining. The calcium ion dynamic of osteoblasts was evaluated by the calcium imaging analysis of fluo-3 stained vital cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The positively charged nano PPAAm-layer resulted in enhanced intracellular calcium ion mobilization after ATP-stimulus and cell viability. This study underlines the importance of the calcium signaling for the manifestation of the cell physiology.ConclusionsOur current work provides new insights into the intracellular calcium dynamic caused by diverse chemical surface compositions. The calcium ion dynamic appears to be a sensitive parameter for the cell physiology and, thus, may represent a useful approach for evaluating a new biomaterial. In this regard, reliable in vitro-tests of cell behavior at the interface to a material are crucial steps in securing the success of a new biomaterial in medicine.

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“…Biological samples, indeed, typically present a high degree of multiscale structures which a®ect their macroscopic behavior. [12][13][14] A visualization of the inner structures of the sample would allow for a better interpretation of mechanical measurements and for a disambiguation between the in°uence of internal structures and intrinsic mechanical di®erences. A noteworthy technique for this purpose is Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), which o®ers a¯eld-of-view and a resolution relevant to the scales of nano-and micro-indentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal probe for optical coherence tomography epidetection and micron-scale indentation

Bartolini

Feroldi

Weda

et al. 2017

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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We present a multimodal ferrule-top sensor designed to perform the integrated epidetection of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) depth-pro¯les and micron-scale indentation by all-optical detection. By scanning a sample under the probe, we can obtain structural cross-section images and identify a region-of-interest in a nonhomogeneous sample. Then, with the same probe and setup, we can immediately target that area with a series of spherical-indentation measurements, in which the applied load is known with a N precision, the indentation depth with sub-m precision and a maximum contact radius of 100 m. Thanks to the visualization of the internal structure of the sample, we can gain a better insight into the observed mechanical behavior. The ability to impart a small, con¯ned load, and perform OCT A-scans at the same time, could lead to an alternative, high transverse resolution, Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) sensor.

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Multiscale mechanobiology: mechanics at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels

Cited by 19 publications

References 65 publications

Three-dimensional spherical spatial boundary conditions differentially regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

Three-dimensional spherical spatial boundary conditions differentially regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

Enhanced calcium ion mobilization in osteoblasts on amino group containing plasma polymer nanolayer

Multimodal probe for optical coherence tomography epidetection and micron-scale indentation

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