Multistate fluorescence switching of s-triazine-bridged p-phenylene vinylene polymers

Abstract

A polymer switch was explored utilizing the redox reaction of iodide ions with highly fluorescent s-triazine (ST)-bridged p-phenylene vinylene (PPV) polymers. The fluorescent polymers were synthesized through the Wittig polycondensation to yield ST-bridged PPV polymers. Utilizing different quenching properties of the polymer with iodine derivatives, the fluorescence of the polymers was modulated electrochemically in a two-electrode device consisting of the fluorescent polymer-doped gel layer containing an iodide and iodine couple and a solid polymer electrolyte layer. The cell showed reversible multistate fluorescence switching in the working potential range of +2V.

Synthesis, properties, and electrical memory characteristics of new diblock copolymers of polystyrene-block-poly(styrene-pyrene)

“…Also, we discovered the wellcorrelation of the electrical memory characteristics with the pendant conjugated chain length in polystyrene derivatives with electron-donating oligofluorene pendant moieties [41]. The pyrene-containing polymers have been regarded as a fluorescent probe for monitoring conformational changes and molecular interactions, because their photophysical and photochemical properties are sensitive to environmental changes such as temperature, polarity, rigidity, and relative proximity [42][43][44][45]. However, the pyrene-containing polymers have not been explored for electrical memory device applications.…”

A Fluorescent Polymer for Patterning of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…12 In addition, we discuss cell on biomedical devices is a fundamental factor for the integration process of a biomaterial after implantation.…”

Electrochemical Fluorescence Switching from a Patternable Poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazole) Thin Film

“…Reversible changes of optical properties by electrochemical or photochemical conversion of molecular redox states are an important issue in optoelectronics such as in displays, sensors, or electro‐optical switches. In particular, fluorescence switching through external stimuli such as light and an electrochemical potential has been researched for potential applications in fluorescent imaging, sensors, displays, spectroscopy, and many other opto‐electronic applications 1–9. In our previous reports, fluorescence switching using tetrazine‐based fluorophore,2 triazine bridged p ‐phenylene polymer,3 and poly(methylene anthracene)s4 was demonstrated.…”

“…On the other hand, it was recently discovered that the fluorescence of p‐type polymers such as S‐triazine‐bridged p ‐phenylenevinylene (DTOPV) and poly(methylene anthracene) (PMAn) can be electrochemically controlled in the presence of an electroactive quencher. The degree of fluorescence quenching from the EFD can be controlled by the oxidation state of the added electroactive quencher such as iodine and iodide 4, 5. In the EFD of DTOPV, the fluorescent DTOPV was also blended with a polymer electrolyte, and processed as a fluorescent thin film.…”

“…In the case of PMAn, both blended systems as well as a neat PMAn film were electrochemically switchable 4. Although these polymeric systems open the possibility of electrochemical fluorescence switching devices, the blended system limits further development of such reversible electro‐fluorescence into a large area display, because the electro‐active materials, which play an essential role in the switching mechanism, should be dissolved into the solid electrolyte 2–6. Applying them in such devices, it requires fluorescent polymeric materials that work under a simple fluorescent switching mechanism without a quencher, can be processed into a neat solid film, and are easily patternable.…”