Multivariable control of anaerobic reactor by using external recirculation and bypass ratio

Mu, Shengjing; Zeng, Yingzhi; Wu, Ping

doi:10.1002/jctb.1888

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The main output variables are biogas flowrate, which is obtainable by direct or inferential measurements (i.e., measurements of VFA and VFA/TA as in Zhou et al [109], COD and VFA in the effluent [110,111], dissolved hydrogen, pH and alkalinity. Among them, the biogas flowrate is usually the main controlled variable.…”

Section: Process Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Driven Modelling and Control Strategies to Improve Biogas Quality and Production from High Solids Anaerobic Digestion: A Mini Review

Paladino

2022

Sustainability

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Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is one of the oldest processes for producing biofuels from organic waste. Approximately 180 years have passed since the construction of the first modern plant, however, large prospects for improvement are still feasible, especially in regards to the quality and uniformity of the biogas produced. This work focalizes on the main quality issues and the available post-production treatment processes for biogas; subsequently, a mini-review on data-driven models and control strategies for biogas and bio-methane production plants is presented. Attention is focused on High Solids Anaerobic Digesters (HSADs), since these reactors present many interesting advantages, including a high number of operating variables which enable process optimization, high methane concentration in exit, reduced reactor volume and low water requirements. HSADs are the reactors with which Europe is aiming to rapidly increase the production of biogas and bio-methane, in order to carry out de-carbonization and reduce dependence on external methane imports. Crucial points for achieving these objectives include qualitative leaps in process operation and management, which, contrary to current practice in existing plants, require a significant increase in process automation, with control of product quality and reduction of stops due to death of bacteria at changing process parameters (such as temperature and pH). The most significant papers related to biogas quality, data-driven models and control strategies are briefly analyzed.

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Section: Process Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Driven Modelling and Control Strategies to Improve Biogas Quality and Production from High Solids Anaerobic Digestion: A Mini Review

Paladino

2022

Sustainability

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“…The first simulation trials with this method were not satisfactory, specifying a trivial zero trajectory for the integral of the error states did not yield good results. Instead of searching for a model that might describe the evolution over time of the error, which is by itself a difficult task considering that the position trajectory can take almost any form, a much more convenient solution to resolve the disturbance rejection problem is to simply add the integral action directly into the control vector ∆u [k], as proposed in a similar LQT formulation [27].…”

Section: The Optimization Problem Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Trajectory Tracking Controller for a Nanoquadcopter

Carlos¹,

Ny²

2016

Preprint

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The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the system modeling of a nanoquadcopter as well as designing position and trajectory control algorithms, with the ultimate goal of testing the system both in simulation and on a real platform.The open source nanoquadcopter platform named Crazyflie 2.0 was chosen for the project. The first phase consisted in the development of a mathematical model that describes the dynamics of the quadcopter. Secondly, a simulation environment was created to design two different control architectures: cascaded PID position tracker and LQT trajectory tracker. Finally, the implementation phase consisted in testing the controllers on the chosen platform and comparing their performance in trajectory tracking.Our simulations agreed with the experimental results, and further refinement of the model is proposed as future work through closed-loop model identification techniques.The results show that the LQT controller performed better at tracking trajectories, with RMS errors in position up to four times smaller than those obtained with the PID. LQT control effort was greater, but eliminated the high control peaks that induced motor saturation in the PID controller. The LQT controller was also tested using an ultrawide band two-way ranging system, and comparisons with the more precise VICON system indicate that the controller could track a trajectory in both cases despise the difference in noise levels between the two systems.

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“…Zarrad et al [3] proposed a linear quadratic (LQ) model to regulate the output at desired setpoint by manipulation of activated sludge and compared the control performance with the PI controllers. Mu et al [4] proposed a multivariable linear quadratic tracking (LQT) approach by using by-pass and recycle stream to control the COD concentration in an upflow anaerobic sludge E3S Web of Conferences 141, 01007 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014101007 RI²C 2019 blanket (UASB) reactor. The controlled complex reaction of AD process, which described by ODE system, was the challenging point in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Input/output Linearization Control Technique for Anaerobic Digestion Reactor with Recirculation

et al. 2020

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) process has been generally applied in factories for wastewater treatment and energy recovery. For the AD processes, the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with recirculation are typically applied in industries for methane production from wastewater treatment. Since the recycle stream affects the inlet concentration of the reactor, the control performance of traditional PI and PID controllers used to manipulate control actuators may be limited. Additionally, the process control loops related to biochemical reactions are generally employed the operational experiences without process dynamic consideration. A control system based on input/output (I/O) linearization control technique for an anaerobic digestion (AD) process was developed in this work. The control system applied the concept of the I/O linearization technique, which followed dynamic behaviors of the reactor with a two-step (acidogenesis-methanogenesis) kinetic model. The volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration was regulated by manipulation of the dilution rate to achieve the requested trajectories. Control performances of the closed-loop system were investigated by a simulation under servo and regulatory problems. The simulation results showed that the developed control scheme successfully forced the controlled output to achieve the desired set points and handled the introduced control problems.

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Multivariable control of anaerobic reactor by using external recirculation and bypass ratio

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The operation of a high-rate anaerobic process usually suffers from problems of high sensitivity to disturbances arising from environmental and operational factors. Application of advanced process controls is an efficient approach to enhancing process robustness and stability.

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Data Driven Modelling and Control Strategies to Improve Biogas Quality and Production from High Solids Anaerobic Digestion: A Mini Review

Data Driven Modelling and Control Strategies to Improve Biogas Quality and Production from High Solids Anaerobic Digestion: A Mini Review

Design of a Trajectory Tracking Controller for a Nanoquadcopter

Input/output Linearization Control Technique for Anaerobic Digestion Reactor with Recirculation

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