Multivariate analysis of quantitative characters variability in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landrace: Based on regions and altitude

Abstract

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is Ethiopia's most important highland cereal crop and widely growing in most part of the country. Based on high levels of genetic and phenotypic diversity, the country is considered as center of diversity for barley. Assessments of the amount of genetic variation within and among populations are crucial for effective and efficient genetic improvement of the crop. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the diversity of barley landraces collected from various altitudes and regions of Ethiopia. A total of 585 barley landraces and 10 checks were evaluated using augmented randomized complete block design consisting of six blocks. All the 585 landraces were planted in un-replicated plots and the 10 checks were replicated six times (ones in each block) to estimate an error variance. Data on 13 quantitative characters were subjected to calculation of descriptive statistics, ANOVA and multivariate analysis (Unweighted Pair Group Method Analysis (UPGMA) cluster analysis and principal component analysis). There were significant differences (ANOVA, P<0.01) among landraces for plant height, 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per spike, days to heading and days to maturity. All the genotypes were grouped into five clusters where 74.02% of the accessions (433) fall in cluster I, IV and V. Early matured accessions were grouped in cluster I, while late matured, high yielding and tall accessions were clustered in cluster IV. The highest intra-cluster distance was 23.12 for 598

Genetic Diversity, Population Structure and Relationship of Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Landraces as reveled by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers

“…Injera) affect the selection and maintenance of landraces, which in turn affect genetic diversity (Shewayrga and Sopade, 2011). Phenotypic study of a larger sample of 585 accessions (from which the 384 accessions were subsampled) indicated a high variability for both quantitative and qualitative traits (Dido et al, 2020a;Dido et al, 2020a).…”

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of some Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions using SSR markers

“…Evaluation of the genetic diversity in crop species can be performed by different methods such as pedigree records, morphological traits, biochemical and molecular markers [18]. Numerous studies have successfully used classical markers to identify genetic variation, in Ethiopian barley accessions from different geographic origins, such as those based on morphological markers [19][20][21][22] and biochemical markers [23][24][25]. However, those markers are limited in number, they detect low levels of polymorphism and are influenced by different plant growth stages and environmental factors [26,27].…”