“…Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS), are widely used in industry for process monitoring (Nomikos and MacGregor, 1995;Qin, 2003;Ge and Song, 2008;Garcia-Alvarez et al, 2012). Other complementary multivariate statistical process monitoring methods, including canonical variate analysis, kernel PCA, dynamic PCA, and independent component analysis, have been proposed to address the limitations of PCA-or PLSbased monitoring strategies (Russell et al, 2000;Juricek et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2004a;2006).…”