Mumps

Rambar, Alwin C.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1946.02020240008001

Cited by 41 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, CP demonstrated efficacy and superiority over placebo (58.3% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.001) in an earlier study with patients suffering from SARS-CoV infection [54]. CP has also been used for the prevention and/or treatment of such viral infections as poliomyelitis [55], measles [56], and mumps [57]. Case series suggested the efficacy of CP in the treatment of Machupo virus associated with Bolivian hemorrhagic fever [58], Lassa fever in Nigeria [59], Junin virus associated with Argentinian hemorrhagic fever [60], and Ebola viral infection [61].…”

Section: Convalescent Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Management of COVID-19: A Review of Pharmacological Treatment Options

et al. 2021

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Since the outbreak and subsequent declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic in March 2020, concerted efforts have been applied by the scientific community to curtail the spread of the disease and find a cure. While vaccines constitute a vital part of the public health strategy to reduce the burden of COVID-19, the management of this disease will continue to rely heavily on pharmacotherapy. This study aims to provide an updated review of pharmacological agents that have been developed and/or repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19. To this end, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Google Scholar, and LitCovid databases. Relevant clinical studies on drugs used in the management of COVID-19 were identified and evaluated in terms of evidence of efficacy and safety. To date, the FDA has approved three therapies for the treatment of COVID-19 Emergency Use Authorization: convalescent plasma, remdesivir, and casirivimab/imdevimab (REGN-COV2). Drugs such as lopinavir/ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, anakinra, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, interferons, tissue plasminogen activator, intravenous immunoglobulins, and nafamosat have been used off-label with mixed therapeutic results. Adjunctive administration of corticosteroids is also very common. The clinical experience with these approved and repurposed drugs is limited, and data on efficacy for the new indication are not strong. Overall, the response of the global scientific community to the COVID-19 pandemic has been impressive, as evident from the volume of scientific literature elucidating the molecular biology and pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and the approval of three new drugs for clinical management. Reviewed studies have shown mixed data on efficacy and safety of the currently utilized drugs. The lack of standard treatment for COVID-19 has made it difficult to interpret results from most of the published studies due to the risk of attribution error. The long-term effects of drugs can only be assessed after several years of clinical experience; therefore, the efficacy and safety of current COVID-19 therapeutics should continue to be rigorously monitored as part of post-marketing studies.

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Section: Convalescent Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Management of COVID-19: A Review of Pharmacological Treatment Options

et al. 2021

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“…At the beginning of the 20 th century, convalescent sera were utilized to stop epidemics of viral diseases (e.g., measles and mumps) (7,8). Also, serum treatment was used as intra-spinally and subcutaneously in some patients of epidemic poliomyelitis (12).…”

Section: Historic Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historical use of convalescent (immune) blood product (serum/plasma) therapies to treat various infectious diseases(6)(7)(8)15) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convalescent (Immune) Plasma Therapy with All Aspects: Yesterday, Today and COVID-19

Özdemir¹,

Arsoy²

2020

Erciyes Med J

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At the end of 2019, the pandemic, which originated in China, has become a major concern all over the world. A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been defined as the reason for a cluster of unknown pneumonia. Thus far, no precise therapy or vaccine has been shown to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mild cases can be treated by supportive care although symptomatic treatment is not enough for critically ill patients. However, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, convalescent (immune) plasma (CIP) and certain specific antiviral drugs for this disease are still being investigated for improving the survival rate of cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection whose condition continued to deteriorate. The use of passive immunization, for the prophylaxis and therapy of human contagious diseases, has been gone back to the 20 th century. Human whole blood is also a source of antibodies. CIP consists of collecting blood plasma from someone who has recovered from a specific infection. Recent literature data show that human CIP may be an alternative option for managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and will be accessible when adequate numbers of individuals have improved. However, such donors should have a high titer of neutralizing immunoglobulin-containing plasma. CIP can be administered to improve the survival rate for COVID-19, together with other drugs and preventive measures, when specific management is not obtainable. On the other hand, randomized clinical trials are still necessary to assess the safety and efficiency of CIP in the therapy of COVID-19. In this article, we want to address the special role of CIP therapy in various infectious diseases from yesterday to today, including COVID-19.

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“…CPT is a well-established technique and showed great importance during the outbreak of some serious viral outbreak like measles, mumps, influenza and poliomyelitis during early years of previous century [15][16][17][18][19]. Generally, immune system in humans cultivates antibodies and protein against the attack of any virus or bacteria that bind to these foreign elements and encumber the resulting infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%