Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) from Burkina Faso Used as Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent

Abstract

Chronic non-communicable diseases are becoming more and more recurrent and require the addition of functional foods in our eating habits. Legumes due to their composition in biomolecules could meet this need. Much used in Chinese medicine, the mung bean arouses interest in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study is to perform phytochemical profiling and to evaluate certain biological properties of the mung bean in its natural or germinated state. Qualitative phytochemical screening was carried out by precipitation and differential staining tests. The antimicrobial activity was tested on in vitro growth by the agar medium diffusion method. DPPH and FRAP methods were used to assess antioxidant activity. The antidiabetic activity of hydroethanolic extracts was evaluated on rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin, with metformin as a reference molecule. Phytochemistry has revealed the presence of phenolic compounds and derivatives in the mung bean, whether in its natural state (MBN) or in its germinated state (MBG). Only the MBG exhibits antimicrobial activity on 70% of the strains used. It appears that the MBG has a reducing power of the DPPH radical with an IC50 of 28 mg/mL compared to the same extract of the MBN, which had an IC50 of 32.5 mg/mL with a difference (p < 0.05) between the extracts. MBN extracts at a dose of 300 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg.bw) showed a reduction (p < 0.0001) in glycaemia and kept the body weight of the animals constant throughout the treatment. In addition, the MBN regulated the level of total cholesterol, tryglicerides of LDL, ASAT, ALAT, urea and creatine. These results show that the mung bean grown in Burkina Faso is a health food, which, integrated into dietary habits, could contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases.

Progress in the Use of Combined Omics for Mungbean Breeding Improvement and Its Potential in Promoting Resistance against Cercospora Leaf Spot

“…Dynamic changes in phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity in mungbean sprouts were tested by Gan et al [130], and then metabolites such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, catechin, and rutin were identified. These metabolite compounds were also confirmed as important to maintain human health and prevent chronic diseases [131,132].…”

Exploring the Antibacterial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized through Abiotic Stress-Induced Germinated Seeds of Vigna radiata: A Comparative Analysis

“…Even if we are applying different kinds of stress, the plant has various adaptive mechanisms that help it to cope with the stress and continue to grow and develop under adverse conditions (30). Some of the secondary metabolites that have been identified in VR are flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic acids (49)(50).…”

Enhanced Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) using Bacterial Biofertilizer

“…Mungbean possess diverse range of phytoconstituent such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and peptides, all of which have been linked to considerable human health benefits. Mungbean may be regarded as an alternate functional food 7,8,9 which is commonly used as a whole grain and valued for its excellent protein content (24-25% DW of the seed) 10 . Mungbean is composed of 25-28% protein, 1.0-1.5% fats, 3.5-4.5% fibers, and 60 to 65% carbohydrate and abundant with lysine, ascorbate, potassium, iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca), which highlights its nutritional as well as good antioxidant properties 11,12,13 .…”