Muscular Anatomy of the Human Ventricular Folds

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to better understand the muscular anatomy of the ventricular folds (VF) to help improve biomechanical modeling of phonation and to better understand the role of these muscles during phonatory and non-phonatory tasks. Method Four human larynges were decalcified and sectioned coronally from the posterior to anterior using a CryoJane tape transfer system, and stained using Massons trichrome. The total and relative area of muscles observed in each section were calculated and used for characterizing muscle distribution within the ventricular folds. Results The ventricular folds of the larynges contained anteriorly coursing thyroarytenoid and ventricularis muscle fibers lying in the lower half of the VF posteriorly, with some ventricularis muscle evident in the upper and lateral portion of the fold more anteriorly. Very little muscle tissue was observed in the medial half of the fold, and the anterior half of the VF was largely devoid of any muscle tissue. All four VF’s contained muscle bundles coursing superiorly and medially through the upper half of the fold toward the lateral margin of the epiglottis. Conclusions While variability in expression was evident, the well-defined thyroarytenoid muscle was readily apparent lateral to the arytenoid cartilage in all specimens.

Isolated Paresis of Laryngeal Adduction: What Are the Laryngoscopic and Stroboscopic Findings?

“…The mechanisms related to ventricular fold adduction is still debatable, as the muscle bundles in the ventricular fold are not as consistent and well defined as in the true vocal fold. [20][21][22][23] Although the posterior part of the TA muscle extends cranially into the false vocal fold and may participate in its movement, 20,21 other bundles, such as the ventricularis muscle, may also play a pivotal role in ventricular fold medialization. 22,23 An interesting finding in the present study was that paralysis of the TA muscle was associated with impaired adduction of the ipsilateral ventricular fold in all patients.…”

Disfonía ocupacional en docentes. Revisión de la literatura.

“…Presenta una apófisis vocal donde se inserta el ligamento vocal y una apófisis muscular donde se ancla el único músculo respiratorio; el músculo Cricoaritenoideo posterior. (33,34,37,38).…”

Viscoelastic properties of human aryepiglottic fold and ventricular fold tissues at phonatory frequencies

“…Young et al demonstrated that selective neuromuscular control of ventricular fold adduction is possible, in association with ventricularis muscle contraction . Moon and Alipour also suggested that contraction of the ventricularis muscle could result in ventricular fold medialization, which would facilitate flow‐induced self‐sustained oscillation with the propagation of a “mucosal wave” on the surface tissue layer . Because such a mucosal wave is a shear wave, the viscoelastic shear properties of the aryepiglottic fold mucosa and the false vocal fold mucosa become important parameters for determining the biomechanics of their oscillation.…”